ꯃꯥꯂꯦꯝ ꯄꯨꯝꯕꯗ ꯔꯨꯂꯦꯠ

ꯇꯦꯕꯜ ꯑꯃꯗ ꯃꯦꯞ

ꯅꯤꯌꯝꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯔꯦꯒꯨꯂꯦꯇꯔꯁꯤꯡꯅ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀꯦꯁꯤꯅꯣꯒꯤ ꯂꯃꯆꯠꯅ ꯂꯦꯞꯄꯤ꯫ ꯃꯈꯥꯗ ꯂꯩꯕ ꯇꯦꯕꯜ ꯑꯁꯤꯅ ꯄꯥꯔꯤꯕ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥꯅ ꯁꯥꯟꯅꯒꯗꯕ ꯃꯐꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯌꯥꯎꯏ; ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗ ꯂꯥꯛꯀꯗꯕ ꯄꯦꯖ ꯑꯅꯤꯅ ꯌꯨꯅꯥꯏꯇꯦꯗ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯠꯁ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯌꯨꯔꯣꯄꯀꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯑꯋꯥꯡꯅ ꯇꯥꯀꯄꯤꯔꯤ꯫

ꯆꯛꯔ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯈꯦꯠꯅꯕꯅꯣ

ꯄꯨꯋꯥꯔꯤꯅꯤ, ꯃꯦꯊꯃꯦꯇꯤꯛꯁ ꯅꯠꯇꯦ꯫ ꯌꯨꯔꯣꯄꯅ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯛꯠꯔꯤꯉꯩꯗ ꯔꯨꯂꯦꯠ ꯖꯤꯔꯣꯆꯛꯔꯖꯤꯔꯣꯆꯞ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯕ, ꯗꯖꯟ ꯅꯠꯔꯒ ꯀꯂꯝ ꯕꯦꯠ ꯑꯃꯠꯇꯅ ꯀꯨꯞꯇꯕ ꯑꯁꯪꯕ ꯄꯣꯀꯦꯠ ꯑꯃꯈꯛꯇ; ꯍꯥꯎꯁ ꯑꯦꯖꯀꯤ ꯍꯧꯔꯀꯐꯝꯅꯤ꯫ ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄ ꯃꯃꯤꯡ: ꯁꯤꯡꯒꯜ ꯖꯤꯔꯣ, 0꯫ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯄꯥꯕꯤꯌꯨ → ꯑꯅꯤꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅ ꯑꯃꯦꯔꯤꯀꯥ ꯌꯧꯈꯤ; 1863ꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗ ꯍꯥꯡꯗꯣꯀꯈꯤꯕ ꯃꯥꯔꯀꯦꯠ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯃꯛꯀꯤ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯟꯗꯔꯗ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯃꯣꯟꯇꯦ ꯀꯥꯔꯂꯣꯅ ꯊꯥꯈꯤꯕꯅ ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄ ꯀꯗꯥꯏꯗꯁꯨ ꯗꯕꯜ ꯖꯤꯔꯣꯃꯈꯜꯗꯕꯜ ꯖꯤꯔꯣꯑꯃꯦꯔꯤꯀꯟ ꯆꯛꯔꯒꯤ 00 ꯄꯣꯀꯦꯠ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯂꯩꯕꯅ ꯍꯥꯎꯁ ꯑꯦꯖ 2.70% ꯗꯒꯤ 5.26% ꯐꯥꯑꯣꯕ ꯍꯦꯅꯒꯠꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯄꯥꯕꯤꯌꯨ → ꯃꯔꯥ ꯂꯧꯈꯤꯗꯦ꯫ ꯑꯃꯦꯔꯤꯀꯥꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯄꯔꯦꯇꯔꯁꯤꯡꯅ ꯃꯄꯥꯟ ꯂꯩꯕꯥꯛꯇ ꯁꯟꯗꯣꯀꯈꯤꯕ ꯃꯐꯃꯁꯤꯡꯗ (ꯃꯀꯥꯎ, ꯑꯦꯁꯤꯌꯥꯒꯤ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯈꯔ) ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯅ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯈꯔꯗ ꯗꯕꯜ ꯖꯤꯔꯣ ꯆꯛꯔ ꯄꯨꯔꯀꯏ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯤꯡꯒꯜ ꯖꯤꯔꯣ ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯅ ꯇꯦꯕꯜ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯅꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯅꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯛꯇꯈꯛ ꯂꯩ꯫

ꯃꯀꯥꯎꯗ ꯔꯨꯂꯦꯠꯌꯨꯔꯣꯄꯤꯌꯟ ꯔꯨꯂꯦꯠ

ꯑꯣꯟꯂꯥꯏꯅꯒꯤ ꯐꯤꯚꯝ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯈꯦꯠꯅꯕꯅꯣ

ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯑꯍꯨꯝ꯫ ꯂꯥꯏꯁꯦꯟꯁ ꯂꯩꯕ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯍꯥꯡꯗꯣꯛꯂꯕ (ꯌꯨꯅꯥꯏꯇꯦꯗ ꯀꯤꯡꯗꯝ, EUꯒꯤ ꯂꯩꯕꯥꯛ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ, ꯑꯃꯦꯔꯤꯀꯥꯒꯤ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯠ ꯈꯔ): ꯑꯣꯄꯔꯦꯇꯔꯁꯤꯡꯅ ꯂꯥꯏꯁꯦꯟꯁꯀꯤ ꯃꯃꯜ ꯄꯤ, ꯑꯣꯗꯤꯠ ꯇꯧꯏ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ RNG ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯂꯥꯏꯕ ꯔꯨꯂꯦꯠ ꯄꯤ꯫ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯠꯀꯤ ꯃꯣꯅꯣꯄꯣꯂꯤ ꯅꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯇꯔꯤꯅ ꯆꯂꯥꯏꯕ (ꯀꯦꯅꯥꯗꯥꯒꯤ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯚꯤꯟꯁ ꯈꯔ, ꯃꯃꯥꯡꯗ ꯅꯣꯔꯗꯤꯛ ꯂꯩꯕꯥꯀꯁꯤꯡ, ꯁꯤꯡꯒꯥꯄꯨꯔ): ꯑꯣꯄꯔꯦꯇꯔ ꯑꯃꯈꯛ, ꯌꯥꯃꯔꯕꯗ ꯉꯝꯈꯩ ꯂꯩꯕ ꯔꯨꯂꯦꯠꯀꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅ꯫ ꯊꯤꯡꯖꯤꯜꯂꯕ (ꯑꯣꯟꯂꯥꯏꯟ ꯀꯦꯁꯤꯅꯣ ꯁꯥꯟꯅꯕꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯑꯣꯁ꯭ꯇ꯭ꯔꯦꯂꯤꯌꯥ, ꯑꯦꯁꯤꯌꯥꯒꯤ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ, ꯃꯤꯗꯜ ꯏꯁ꯭ꯇꯀꯤ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯀꯌꯥ): ꯂꯩꯕꯥꯛ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗ ꯑꯥꯏꯟꯅ ꯌꯥꯕ ꯄꯤꯔꯤꯕ ꯑꯃꯠꯇ ꯂꯩꯇꯦ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯣꯐꯁꯣꯔ ꯁꯥꯏꯠꯁꯤꯡ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕ ꯉꯥꯀꯄꯤꯕ ꯑꯃꯠꯇ ꯌꯥꯎꯗꯅ ꯆꯂꯥꯏ꯫ ꯔꯤꯒꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗ ꯂꯩꯕ ꯑꯔꯥꯟꯕ ꯊꯥꯖꯕꯒꯤ ꯄꯦꯖꯅ ꯂꯥꯏꯁꯦꯟꯁ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯌꯦꯡꯒꯗꯕꯅꯣ ꯍꯥꯌꯕ ꯇꯥꯀꯄꯤꯔꯤ꯫

ꯑꯣꯁ꯭ꯇ꯭ꯔꯦꯂꯤꯌꯥꯗ ꯔꯨꯂꯦꯠꯁꯤꯡꯒꯥꯄꯨꯔꯗ ꯔꯨꯂꯦꯠ

ꯃꯐꯝ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯂꯃꯆꯠ ꯁꯥꯖꯠ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯂꯣꯟ

ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯟꯆ ꯇꯦꯕꯜꯁꯤꯡꯗ ꯀꯣꯜ ꯕꯦꯠꯁꯤꯡꯇꯦꯕꯜꯀꯣꯜ ꯕꯦꯠꯈꯨꯠꯅ ꯊꯝꯗꯅ ꯗꯤꯂꯔꯗ ꯂꯥꯑꯣꯊꯣꯛꯄ ꯕꯦꯠ, ꯌꯥꯝꯅ ꯚꯣꯌꯥꯖꯦꯟ ꯅꯠꯔꯒ ꯇꯤꯌꯦꯌꯔꯒꯨꯝꯕ ꯆꯛꯔꯒꯤ ꯁꯦꯛꯇꯔ ꯕꯦꯠ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄ ꯃꯃꯤꯡ: “ꯂꯥꯑꯣꯊꯣꯛꯄ ꯕꯦꯠ”꯫ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯄꯥꯕꯤꯌꯨ → ꯊꯥꯖꯩ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯟꯆ ꯉꯥꯡꯏ꯫ ꯕ꯭ꯔꯤꯇꯤꯁ ꯇꯦꯕꯜꯁꯤꯡꯗ ꯏꯉ꯭ꯂꯤꯁ ꯉꯥꯡꯏ, ꯈꯔꯥ ꯇꯞꯅ ꯆꯠꯂꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯇꯤꯞ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅ ꯄꯤꯗꯦ꯫ ꯑꯃꯦꯔꯤꯀꯥꯒꯤ ꯇꯦꯕꯜꯁꯤꯡꯅ ꯁꯥꯟꯅꯔꯤꯕ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯆꯨ ꯆꯤꯞꯁꯤꯡꯇꯦꯕꯜꯃꯆꯨ ꯆꯤꯞꯔꯨꯂꯦꯠꯇ ꯈꯛꯇ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯕ ꯆꯤꯞꯁꯤꯡ, ꯇꯦꯕꯜꯗ ꯂꯩꯕ ꯁꯥꯟꯅꯔꯤꯕ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯃꯆꯨ ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯟꯅ, ꯕꯥꯏ-ꯏꯟ ꯇꯧꯕ ꯃꯇꯃꯗ ꯃꯃꯜ ꯂꯦꯞꯄꯤ꯫ ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄ ꯃꯃꯤꯡ: ꯍꯨꯏꯜ ꯆꯦꯛꯁ꯫ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯄꯥꯕꯤꯌꯨ → ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯩ, ꯑꯔꯤꯕ ꯂꯦꯑꯥꯎꯠꯈꯨꯠꯂꯥꯏꯂꯦꯑꯥꯎꯠꯇꯦꯕꯜꯗ ꯏꯔꯕ ꯕꯦꯠ ꯊꯝꯕꯒꯤ ꯒ꯭ꯔꯤꯗ꯫ ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄ ꯃꯃꯤꯡ: ꯇꯦꯕꯜ, ꯐꯦꯜꯠ, ꯀ꯭ꯂꯣꯊ꯫ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯄꯥꯕꯤꯌꯨ → ꯈꯔꯗ “35 ꯐꯣꯔ 1” ꯄꯤ (ꯌꯦꯡꯕꯤꯌꯨ), ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯗꯤꯂꯔꯁꯤꯡꯅ ꯇꯤꯞ ꯊꯥꯖꯩ꯫ ꯑꯦꯁꯤꯌꯥꯒꯤ ꯐ꯭ꯂꯣꯔꯁꯤꯡ ꯊꯨꯅꯥ ꯆꯠꯂꯤ, ꯋꯥꯡꯕ ꯃꯤꯅꯤꯃꯝ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯆꯛꯔ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯥꯛꯇ ꯏꯂꯦꯛꯠꯔꯣꯅꯤꯛ ꯇꯔꯃꯤꯅꯦꯜꯁꯤꯡꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅ꯫ ꯑꯣꯟꯂꯥꯏꯟꯗ, ꯂꯦꯑꯥꯎꯠ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯃꯛꯇ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯩ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯈꯦꯠꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯈꯛꯇꯗꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯁꯦꯟꯁꯅꯤ꯫

ꯏꯂꯦꯛꯇ꯭ꯔꯣꯅꯤꯛ ꯔꯨꯂꯦꯠ ꯇꯔꯃꯤꯅꯦꯜꯁꯤꯡꯔꯨꯂꯦꯠ ꯇꯦꯕꯜꯗ ꯆꯠꯅꯕꯤ

ꯈꯅꯕ ꯌꯥꯔꯕꯗ ꯀꯗꯥꯏꯗ ꯁꯥꯟꯅꯒꯗꯒꯦ

ꯂꯥ ꯄꯥꯔꯇꯥꯖꯅꯤꯌꯝꯂꯥ ꯄꯥꯔꯇꯥꯖꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯟꯆ ꯅꯤꯌꯝ: ꯖꯤꯔꯣ ꯊꯣꯛꯂꯕꯗꯤ ꯆꯞ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯕ ꯕꯦꯠꯀꯤ ꯊꯝꯂꯕ ꯁꯦꯜꯒꯤ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯑꯍꯦꯟꯕ ꯍꯜꯂꯀꯏ꯫ ꯕꯦꯠ ꯑꯗꯨꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯍꯥꯎꯁ ꯑꯦꯖ 1.35% ꯐꯥꯑꯣꯕ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯑꯅꯤꯗ ꯊꯥꯖꯤꯜꯂꯤ꯫ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯄꯥꯕꯤꯌꯨ → ꯂꯩꯕ ꯁꯤꯡꯒꯜ ꯖꯤꯔꯣ ꯇꯦꯕꯜ ꯑꯃꯥ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯌꯧꯕ ꯉꯝꯕ ꯊꯨꯅꯕꯗ, ꯂꯥꯏꯁꯦꯟꯁ ꯂꯩꯕ ꯑꯣꯄꯔꯦꯇꯔ ꯑꯃꯒꯥ꯫ ꯋꯥꯍꯩ ꯄꯔꯦꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯅ ꯂꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯕ ꯀꯦꯁꯤꯅꯣꯗ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯥꯟꯁ, ꯃꯣꯅꯥꯀꯣ, ꯌꯨꯅꯥꯏꯇꯦꯗ ꯀꯤꯡꯗꯝ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯌꯨꯔꯣꯄꯀꯤ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯀꯌꯥ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯣꯟꯂꯥꯏꯟꯗ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯟꯕ ꯂꯩꯕ ꯃꯥꯔꯀꯦꯠ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥꯗꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯁꯦꯟꯁ ꯂꯩꯕ ꯂꯥꯏꯕ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯨꯗꯤꯑꯣ ꯌꯥꯎꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅ ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯒꯤ ꯑꯃꯦꯔꯤꯀꯟ ꯇꯦꯕꯜ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯇ꯭ꯔꯤꯄꯜ ꯖꯤꯔꯣ ꯆꯛꯔ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯃꯛ ꯌꯥꯎꯗꯦ꯫

ꯋꯥꯍꯪꯁꯤꯡ