ꯈꯣꯡꯊꯥꯡ ꯈꯣꯡꯊꯥꯡ · ꯈꯣꯡꯊꯥꯡ ꯈꯣꯡꯊꯥꯡ · ꯃꯤꯅꯤꯠ 7

ꯈꯣꯡꯊꯥꯡ ꯈꯣꯡꯊꯥꯡ: ꯄꯥꯔꯣꯂꯤ ꯆꯠꯄ ꯑꯃꯥ

ꯑꯃꯨꯕꯗ ꯗꯣꯂꯥꯔ ꯇꯔꯥ, ꯃꯥꯏꯄꯥꯛꯄ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗ ꯑꯅꯤ ꯊꯥꯛ ꯍꯦꯟꯒꯠꯍꯟꯕ, ꯃꯈꯥ ꯇꯥꯅ ꯑꯍꯨꯝ ꯃꯥꯏꯄꯥꯛꯂꯕꯗ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯛꯄ꯫ ꯔꯤꯚꯔꯁ ꯃꯥꯔꯇꯤꯟꯒꯦꯜ, ꯁ꯭ꯄꯤꯟ ꯑꯃꯃꯃꯒ꯫

ꯊꯨꯅ ꯄꯥꯎꯈꯨꯝ

ꯁꯤꯃꯨꯂꯦꯠ ꯇꯧꯔꯕ ꯁ꯭ꯄꯤꯟ 80 ꯒꯤ ꯄꯥꯔꯣꯂꯤ ꯁꯦꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯥ꯫ ꯑꯍꯥꯅꯕ ꯁ꯭ꯄꯤꯟꯗ ꯃꯥꯏꯊꯤꯕ ꯇꯔꯥꯍꯨꯝ, ꯌꯥꯎꯊꯣꯛꯂꯕ ꯆꯠꯄ 24, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯗ $70 ꯄꯤꯈꯤꯕ ꯂꯣꯏꯁꯤꯅꯈꯤꯕ ꯑꯍꯨꯝ ꯑꯍꯨꯝ꯫ $50 ꯀꯥꯟꯅꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗ ꯃꯍꯩ −$160꯫ ꯌꯥꯝꯅ ꯃꯥꯏꯊꯤꯕ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯈꯟꯅ ꯃꯥꯏꯄꯥꯛꯄ ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯝ, ꯍꯤꯁꯥꯕꯅ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯤꯕ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯑꯗꯨꯃꯛꯇ꯫

ꯍꯧꯔꯀꯐꯝ
ꯑꯃꯨꯕꯗ $10
ꯄꯥꯟꯗꯝ
ꯃꯈꯥ ꯇꯥꯅ ꯃꯥꯏꯄꯥꯛꯄ 3
p(ꯑꯍꯨꯝ ꯑꯍꯨꯝ)
11.5%
ꯑꯍꯨꯝ ꯑꯍꯨꯝ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯍꯩ
+$70

ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯗ ꯆꯠꯄ

ꯃꯥꯏꯄꯥꯛꯄ ꯑꯃꯅ ꯈꯣꯡꯊꯥꯡ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯃꯃꯥꯡꯗ ꯆꯠꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫ ꯃꯥꯏꯊꯤꯕ ꯑꯃꯅ ꯅꯠꯔꯒ ꯑꯍꯨꯃꯁꯨꯕ ꯃꯥꯏꯄꯥꯛꯄ ꯑꯃꯅ ꯑꯍꯧꯕꯗ ꯍꯜꯂꯛꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫

124ꯃꯥꯏꯄꯥꯛꯄ
ꯃꯊꯪꯒꯤ ꯊꯝꯂꯕ ꯁꯦꯜ1ꯍꯧꯖꯤꯛ ꯐꯥꯑꯣꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯍꯩ0ꯁ꯭ꯄꯤꯟ0

ꯊꯝꯂꯕ ꯁꯦꯜ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯍꯩꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯍꯧꯔꯛꯐꯃꯒꯤ ꯕꯦꯠꯀꯤ ꯌꯨꯅꯤꯠꯇꯅꯤ꯫

ꯊꯧꯔꯥꯡ

ꯑꯃꯨꯕꯕꯦꯠꯑꯃꯨꯕꯑꯃꯨꯕ ꯃꯁꯤꯡ 18 ꯗ ꯊꯝꯕ ꯆꯞ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯕ ꯕꯦꯠ꯫ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯟꯆ: ꯅꯣꯌꯥꯔ꯫ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯄꯥꯕꯤꯌꯨ →ꯗ $10 ꯕꯦꯠ ꯊꯝꯕ꯫ ꯃꯥꯏꯄꯥꯛꯂꯕꯗ $20 ꯑꯗꯨ ꯊꯃꯍꯟꯕ꯫ ꯑꯅꯤꯁꯨꯕ ꯃꯥꯏꯄꯥꯛꯄꯗ $40 ꯑꯗꯨ ꯊꯃꯍꯟꯕ꯫ ꯑꯍꯨꯃꯁꯨꯕ ꯃꯥꯏꯄꯥꯛꯄꯗ $80 ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯛꯇꯨꯅ $10 ꯗꯒꯤ ꯑꯃꯨꯛ ꯍꯟꯅꯥ ꯍꯧꯕ꯫ ꯀꯗꯥꯏꯗꯁꯨ ꯃꯥꯏꯊꯤꯔꯕꯗ $10 ꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯧꯏ꯫ ꯍꯣꯠꯅꯕ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯗ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯃꯁꯥꯒꯤ ꯁꯦꯜ $10 ꯈꯨꯗꯣꯡꯊꯤꯕꯗ ꯊꯝꯃꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯈꯥ ꯇꯥꯅ ꯑꯃꯨꯕ ꯑꯍꯨꯝ ꯊꯣꯀꯂꯕꯗ $70 ꯃꯥꯏꯄꯥꯀꯏ, ꯃꯁꯤ ꯃꯇꯃꯒꯤ (18/37)³ = 11.5% ꯗ ꯊꯣꯀꯏ꯫ ꯍꯣꯠꯅꯕ ꯃꯥꯄꯟꯗ ꯂꯣꯏꯁꯤꯅꯕ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯧ ꯀꯨꯞꯅ ꯊꯥꯖꯩ꯫

ꯁ꯭ꯄꯤꯟ 1–25

ꯉ ꯃ ꯃ ꯉ ꯉ ꯃ ꯉ ꯃ ꯃ ꯉ ꯃ ꯃ ꯉ ꯉ ꯃ ꯉ 0 ꯃ ꯃ ꯃ ꯃ ꯉ ꯃ ꯃ ꯉ (ꯉ = ꯑꯉꯥꯡꯕ, ꯃ = ꯑꯃꯨꯕ)꯫ ꯍꯣꯠꯅꯕ ꯇꯔꯥꯅꯤꯊꯣꯏ: ꯃꯔꯤ ꯑꯍꯥꯅꯕ ꯁ꯭ꯄꯤꯟꯗ ꯃꯥꯏꯊꯤꯈꯤ (ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯗ −$10, ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯖꯤꯔꯣꯆꯛꯔꯖꯤꯔꯣꯆꯞ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯕ, ꯗꯖꯟ ꯅꯠꯔꯒ ꯀꯂꯝ ꯕꯦꯠ ꯑꯃꯠꯇꯅ ꯀꯨꯞꯇꯕ ꯑꯁꯪꯕ ꯄꯣꯀꯦꯠ ꯑꯃꯈꯛꯇ; ꯍꯥꯎꯁ ꯑꯦꯖꯀꯤ ꯍꯧꯔꯀꯐꯝꯅꯤ꯫ ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄ ꯃꯃꯤꯡ: ꯁꯤꯡꯒꯜ ꯖꯤꯔꯣ, 0꯫ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯄꯥꯕꯤꯌꯨ →ꯗ), ꯑꯍꯨꯝ ꯑꯅꯤꯁꯨꯕ ꯁ꯭ꯄꯤꯟꯗ ꯃꯥꯏꯊꯤꯈꯤ (ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯗ −$10, ꯃꯔꯃꯗꯤ $20 ꯑꯗꯨ ꯀꯦꯁꯤꯅꯣꯒꯤ ꯁꯦꯜ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯁꯦꯜꯅꯤ), ꯃꯔꯤ ꯑꯍꯨꯃꯁꯨꯕ ꯁ꯭ꯄꯤꯟꯗ ꯃꯥꯏꯊꯤꯈꯤ (ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯗ −$10, ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯑꯗꯨꯃꯛꯇ), ꯁ꯭ꯄꯤꯟ 18–20 ꯗ ꯑꯍꯨꯝ ꯑꯍꯨꯝ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯣꯏꯁꯤꯅꯈꯤ (+$70)꯫ ꯃꯍꯩ −$40꯫ ꯂꯣꯏꯁꯤꯅꯈꯤꯕ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯈꯨꯗꯝ ꯑꯃꯒꯨꯝ ꯐꯥꯑꯣꯈꯤ꯫ ꯃꯥꯏꯊꯤꯈꯤꯕ ꯇꯔꯥꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯀꯔꯤꯁꯨ ꯅꯠꯇꯕꯒꯨꯝ ꯐꯥꯑꯣꯈꯤ, ꯃꯁꯤꯗꯤ ꯁꯦꯃꯒꯠꯂꯛꯄꯒꯤ ꯄꯥꯟꯗꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯤ꯫

ꯍꯣꯠꯅꯕꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕꯊꯝꯂꯕ ꯁꯦꯜꯃꯍꯩ
1ꯉ10−$10
2ꯃ ꯃ ꯉ10, 20, 40−$10
3ꯉ10−$10
4ꯃ ꯉ10, 20−$10
5ꯃ ꯃ ꯉ10, 20, 40−$10
6–9ꯃ ꯃ ꯉ · ꯉ · ꯃ ꯉ · 0≤ 40−$40
10ꯃ ꯃ ꯃ10, 20, 40 → $80 ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯛꯂꯦ+$70
11–12ꯃ ꯉ · ꯃ ꯃ ꯉ≤ 40−$20
ꯁ꯭ꯄꯤꯟ 25 ꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯍꯣꯠꯅꯕ 12, ꯑꯍꯨꯝ ꯑꯍꯨꯝ 1−$40
ꯂꯣꯏꯁꯤꯅꯈꯤꯕ ꯑꯍꯨꯝ ꯑꯍꯨꯝ ꯑꯃꯅ ꯈꯨꯗꯝ ꯑꯃꯒꯨꯝ ꯐꯥꯑꯣꯏ; ꯂꯝꯕꯤꯗ ꯃꯥꯡꯈꯤꯕ ꯆꯤꯞ ꯑꯃꯃꯃꯒꯤ ꯇꯔꯥꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯀꯔꯤꯁꯨ ꯅꯠꯇꯕꯒꯨꯝ ꯐꯥꯑꯣꯏ꯫

ꯁ꯭ꯄꯤꯟ 26–55

ꯑꯍꯨꯝ ꯑꯍꯨꯝ ꯑꯅꯤ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ, ꯁ꯭ꯄꯤꯟ 28–30 ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ 37–39 ꯗ, ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯃꯛ ꯑꯃꯨꯕ ꯃꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯁ꯭ꯇ꯭ꯔꯤꯛꯀꯤ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ, ꯑꯍꯨꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯀꯈꯤ: ꯃꯔꯤꯁꯨꯕ ꯑꯃꯨꯕꯅ ꯑꯅꯧꯕ $10 ꯃꯥꯏꯄꯥꯀꯈꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯊꯪꯒꯤ ꯑꯉꯥꯡꯕꯕꯦꯠꯑꯉꯥꯡꯕꯑꯉꯥꯡꯕ ꯃꯁꯤꯡ 18 ꯗ ꯊꯝꯕ ꯆꯞ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯕ ꯕꯦꯠ꯫ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯟꯆ: ꯔꯨꯖ꯫ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯄꯥꯕꯤꯌꯨ →ꯅ $20 ꯂꯧꯈꯤ꯫ ꯍꯣꯠꯅꯕ ꯇꯔꯥꯃꯉꯥ, ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯍꯩ +$10; ꯍꯧꯖꯤꯛ ꯐꯥꯑꯣꯕꯒꯤ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛ −$30; ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯋꯥꯡꯕ ꯁ꯭ꯄꯤꯟ 39 ꯗ +$50꯫ ꯍꯣꯠꯅꯕ 27 ꯗ ꯑꯍꯨꯝ ꯑꯍꯨꯝ ꯑꯍꯨꯝ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯐꯪꯒꯗꯕ 3.1 ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯤ; ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯋꯥꯡꯕ ꯃꯐꯃꯗ ꯁꯦꯁꯟ ꯑꯗꯨ $50 ꯀꯥꯟꯅꯔꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯑꯃꯒꯨꯝ ꯐꯥꯑꯣꯏ꯫

ꯁꯦꯁꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕ ꯃꯥꯄꯟꯍꯧꯔꯛꯐꯃꯒꯥ ꯆꯥꯡꯗꯝꯅꯕ ꯃꯍꯩ
+$980$0−$1,000+$400−$5000125250375500ꯁ꯭ꯄꯤꯟꯃꯍꯩ
ꯁꯦꯁꯟ 1,000 × ꯁ꯭ꯄꯤꯟ 500 · ꯃꯆꯨ ꯑꯃꯨ-ꯂꯩꯃꯜ p10/p25/p75/p90, ꯑꯉꯧ-ꯑꯁꯪꯕ ꯃꯤꯗꯤꯌꯥꯟ, ꯃꯌꯥꯏꯕ ꯈꯨꯗꯝ 82 · ꯁ꯭ꯄꯤꯟ ꯑꯃꯗ ꯀ꯭ꯕꯥꯟꯇꯥꯏꯜ ꯎꯅꯕ ꯆꯥꯔꯠꯀꯤ ꯃꯊꯛꯇ ꯃꯧꯁ ꯆꯠꯍꯅꯕꯤꯌꯨ
  • p10 −$780
  • p25 −$510
  • ꯃꯤꯗꯤꯌꯥꯟ −$210
  • p75 +$90
  • p90 +$370
ꯁꯦꯁꯟ 1,000 × ꯁ꯭ꯄꯤꯟ 500 · y-ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯤꯁ 1ꯁꯨꯕ–99ꯁꯨꯕ ꯄꯔꯁꯦꯟꯇꯥꯏꯜ ꯐꯥꯑꯣꯕꯥ ꯀꯛꯊꯠꯂꯤ (ꯑꯔꯣꯏꯕ ꯃꯁꯤꯡ −$1,000ꯗꯒꯤ +$1,570ꯐꯥꯑꯣꯕꯥ) · ꯁ꯭ꯄꯤꯟ 500 · ꯍꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ $10 · ꯆꯞ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯕ
ꯂꯥꯏꯟ ꯃꯌꯥꯝ $10 ꯒꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯊꯥꯡꯗ ꯇꯞꯅ ꯆꯦꯟꯊꯔꯀꯏ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯃꯇꯃꯗ $70 ꯆꯣꯡꯊꯣꯀꯏ꯫ ꯇꯔꯥꯒꯤ ꯑꯦꯚꯔꯦꯖ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯐ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ ꯕꯦꯠ ꯊꯝꯕ ꯁꯥꯟꯅꯔꯤꯕꯒꯤ ꯑꯦꯚꯔꯦꯖꯅꯤ: ꯊꯝꯂꯕ ꯁꯦꯜ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛꯀꯤ −2.70%꯫

ꯁ꯭ꯄꯤꯟ 56–80

ꯃꯈꯥ ꯇꯥꯅ ꯃꯥꯏꯊꯤꯕ ꯍꯣꯠꯅꯕ ꯇꯔꯥꯍꯨꯝ, ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯃꯥꯄꯟ ꯑꯅꯤꯁꯨꯕ ꯅꯠꯔꯒ ꯑꯍꯨꯃꯁꯨꯕ ꯁ꯭ꯄꯤꯟꯗ, ꯑꯃꯨꯕ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯅꯠꯔꯒ ꯑꯅꯤ ꯍꯟꯊꯗꯨꯅ ꯂꯣꯏꯁꯤꯅꯈꯤ꯫ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯍꯩ −$130; ꯑꯔꯣꯏꯕ −$160꯫ ꯃꯈꯥ ꯇꯥꯅ ꯃꯥꯏꯊꯤꯕ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯈꯨꯗꯣꯡꯆꯥꯕꯃꯦꯊꯃꯦꯇꯤꯛꯁꯊꯣꯛꯄꯒꯤ ꯈꯨꯗꯣꯡꯆꯥꯕꯃꯍꯩ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯊꯣꯛꯄꯒꯤ ꯈꯨꯗꯣꯡꯆꯥꯕ, 0 ꯗꯒꯤ 1 ꯐꯥꯑꯣꯕ ꯅꯠꯔꯒ 0% ꯗꯒꯤ 100% ꯐꯥꯑꯣꯕ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯥ: 1/37 = 2.70%꯫ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯄꯥꯕꯤꯌꯨ → ꯃꯇꯧ ꯀꯨꯞꯅ 20% ꯅꯤ, ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯤ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯁꯦꯁꯟ ꯃꯉꯥꯗ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯧ ꯀꯨꯞꯅ ꯄꯥꯔꯣꯂꯤꯊꯧꯔꯥꯡꯄꯥꯔꯣꯂꯤꯄꯣꯖꯤꯇꯤꯕ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯒ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯟ: ꯃꯥꯏꯄꯥꯛꯂꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗ ꯑꯅꯤ ꯊꯥꯛ ꯍꯦꯅꯒꯠꯍꯜꯂꯤ, ꯃꯥꯏꯊꯤꯔꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗ ꯅꯠꯔꯒ ꯃꯈꯥ ꯆꯠꯅꯅ ꯑꯃꯨꯛ ꯑꯍꯨꯝ ꯃꯥꯏꯄꯥꯛꯂꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗ ꯑꯍꯧꯕꯗ ꯍꯜꯂꯀꯏ꯫ ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄ ꯃꯃꯤꯡ: ꯔꯤꯚꯔꯁ ꯃꯥꯔꯇꯤꯟꯒꯦꯜ꯫ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯄꯥꯕꯤꯌꯨ → ꯁꯥꯟꯅꯔꯤꯕ ꯑꯃꯗ ꯊꯣꯛꯀꯅꯤ꯫

ꯁꯦꯟꯒꯤ ꯍꯤꯁꯥꯕ

ꯁ꯭ꯄꯤꯟ 80 ꯗ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛ ꯊꯝꯂꯕ ꯁꯦꯜ $1,460, $10 ꯐ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ ꯊꯝꯕ ꯁꯥꯟꯅꯔꯤꯕꯒꯤ $800 ꯒ ꯆꯥꯡꯗꯝꯅꯕꯗ: ꯊꯃꯍꯟꯕꯁꯤꯡꯅ ꯇꯔꯅꯑꯣꯚꯔꯁꯦꯜꯇꯔꯅꯑꯣꯚꯔꯁꯦꯁꯟ ꯅꯠꯔꯒ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗ ꯕꯦꯠ ꯊꯝꯂꯕ ꯁꯦꯜ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛ, ꯑꯃꯨꯛ ꯍꯟꯅꯥ ꯊꯝꯂꯕ ꯃꯥꯏꯄꯥꯛꯇꯨꯅ ꯐꯪꯂꯕ ꯁꯦꯜꯁꯨ ꯌꯥꯎꯅ꯫ ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄ ꯃꯃꯤꯡ: ꯍꯦꯟꯗꯜ, ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯟ꯫ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯄꯥꯕꯤꯌꯨ → ꯍꯦꯟꯒꯠꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫ $1,460 ꯒꯤ ꯃꯥꯡꯒꯗꯕ ꯁꯦꯜꯃꯦꯊꯃꯦꯇꯤꯛꯁꯃꯥꯡꯒꯗꯕ ꯁꯦꯜꯐꯪꯒꯗꯕ ꯃꯃꯂꯕꯨ ꯕꯦꯠ ꯊꯝꯂꯕ ꯁꯦꯜ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛꯅ ꯃꯅꯥꯡꯕ; ꯁꯦꯁꯟ ꯅꯠꯔꯒ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗ ꯃꯥꯡꯕ ꯑꯦꯚꯔꯦꯖ ꯁꯦꯜ꯫ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯄꯥꯕꯤꯌꯨ → $39; ꯑꯁꯦꯡꯕ ꯃꯍꯩ −$160 ꯑꯁꯤ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯟꯗꯔꯗ ꯗꯤꯚꯤꯌꯦꯁꯟꯃꯦꯊꯃꯦꯇꯤꯛꯁꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯟꯗꯔꯗ ꯗꯤꯚꯤꯌꯦꯁꯟꯚꯦꯌꯔꯤꯌꯦꯟꯁꯀꯤ ꯁ꯭ꯀ꯭ꯋꯦꯌꯔ ꯔꯨꯠ; ꯃꯍꯩ ꯑꯃꯅ ꯐꯪꯒꯗꯕ ꯃꯃꯜꯗꯒꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅ ꯂꯥꯞꯄ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ꯫ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯄꯥꯕꯤꯌꯨ → ꯑꯃꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯟꯊꯅ ꯅꯦꯝꯃꯤ, ꯑꯉꯀꯄꯥ ꯅꯠꯇꯦ꯫ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯥꯛꯇ ꯂꯩꯔꯤꯕ ꯐ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ ꯊꯝꯕ ꯁꯥꯟꯅꯔꯤꯕ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯗꯣꯂꯥꯔ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯐꯪꯒꯗꯕ ꯃꯃꯜ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯔꯝꯃꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯍꯩꯒꯤ ꯆꯠꯀꯥꯏꯕ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯑꯅꯤꯗ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯧ ꯀꯨꯞꯅ ꯂꯩꯔꯝꯃꯤ꯫

ꯐ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ ꯕꯦꯇꯤꯡ ꯔꯨꯂꯦꯠ ꯊꯧꯔꯥꯡ

ꯁꯦꯁꯟ ꯑꯁꯤꯅ ꯎꯠꯂꯤꯕ

ꯄꯥꯔꯣꯂꯤ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯣꯟꯊꯣꯛꯂꯕ ꯃꯥꯔꯇꯤꯟꯒꯦꯜꯊꯧꯔꯥꯡꯃꯥꯔꯇꯤꯟꯒꯦꯜꯃꯥꯏꯊꯤꯕ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗ ꯕꯦꯠ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯑꯅꯤ ꯊꯥꯛ ꯍꯦꯅꯒꯠꯍꯟꯕ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯒ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯟ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯇꯧꯕꯒꯦ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯇꯧꯗꯕꯒꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯕ ꯊꯧꯔꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯁꯦꯛꯁꯅꯗ ꯌꯦꯡꯕꯤꯌꯨ꯫ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯄꯥꯕꯤꯌꯨ →ꯅꯤ: ꯃꯇꯝ ꯌꯥꯝꯗ ꯌꯨꯅꯤꯠꯁꯦꯜꯌꯨꯅꯤꯠꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯝ ꯅꯠꯔꯒ ꯁꯥꯟꯅꯔꯤꯕ ꯑꯃꯅ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯕ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕ ꯊꯝꯂꯕ ꯁꯦꯜ꯫ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯒ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯌꯨꯅꯤꯠꯇ ꯁꯟꯗꯣꯛꯂꯤ, ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯅ ꯃꯈꯣꯌ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕ ꯇꯦꯕꯜꯗ ꯆꯠꯂꯤ꯫ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯄꯥꯕꯤꯌꯨ → ꯑꯃꯥ ꯃꯥꯏꯊꯤꯏ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯃꯇꯃꯗ ꯌꯨꯅꯤꯠ ꯇꯔꯦꯠ ꯃꯥꯏꯄꯥꯀꯏ, ꯃꯇꯝ ꯌꯥꯝꯗ ꯌꯨꯅꯤꯠ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯃꯥꯏꯄꯥꯛꯇꯨꯅ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯃꯇꯃꯗ 63 ꯃꯥꯏꯊꯤꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯍꯨꯠꯇ꯫ ꯑꯆꯧꯕ ꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯃꯥꯏꯊꯤꯕ ꯅꯠꯇꯅ ꯃꯥꯏꯄꯥꯛꯄ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯅꯥ ꯗꯤꯁ꯭ꯇ꯭ꯔꯤꯕ꯭ꯌꯨꯁꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯈꯨꯗꯣꯡꯊꯤꯕ ꯅꯦꯝꯃꯤ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯊꯝꯂꯕ ꯁꯦꯜ ꯀꯩꯗꯧꯉꯩꯗꯁꯨ $40 ꯒꯤ ꯃꯊꯛꯇ ꯆꯠꯇꯦ, ꯃꯗꯨꯒꯤ $10 ꯈꯛꯇꯃꯛ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤꯅꯤ꯫ ꯗꯣꯂꯥꯔ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯥꯡꯒꯗꯕ ꯁꯦꯜ ꯍꯣꯡꯗꯦ꯫ ꯂꯥꯟꯊꯣꯛ ꯌꯥꯑꯣꯗꯕ ꯚꯦꯌꯔꯤꯌꯦꯟꯁꯃꯦꯊꯃꯦꯇꯤꯛꯁꯚꯦꯌꯔꯤꯌꯦꯟꯁꯃꯍꯩꯁꯤꯡ ꯐꯪꯒꯗꯕ ꯃꯃꯂꯒꯤ ꯑꯀꯣꯌꯕꯗ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯁꯟꯗꯣꯛꯅ ꯂꯩꯕꯒꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯡ꯫ ꯁ꯭ꯇ꯭ꯔꯦꯠ-ꯑꯞꯇ ꯋꯥꯡꯏ, ꯆꯞ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯕ ꯕꯦꯠꯁꯤꯡꯗ ꯅꯦꯝꯏ꯫ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯄꯥꯕꯤꯌꯨ → ꯄꯥꯝꯕ ꯁꯥꯟꯅꯔꯤꯕꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯐꯕ ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯝꯅꯤ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯁꯤꯅ ꯍꯧꯖꯤꯛꯁꯨ ꯇꯔꯅꯑꯣꯚꯔꯒꯤ 2.70% ꯆꯪꯏ꯫

ꯋꯥꯍꯪꯁꯤꯡ

ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗ ꯅꯠꯇꯅ ꯑꯍꯨꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯀꯄꯒꯦ?

ꯃꯈꯥ ꯇꯥꯅ ꯃꯔꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ 5.6% ꯅꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ $150 ꯄꯤ꯫ ꯄꯥꯟꯗꯝ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯇꯥꯡꯖꯥꯡ ꯑꯃꯈꯛꯅꯤ; ꯄꯥꯟꯗꯝ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯃꯛꯇ ꯑꯦꯖ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯩ꯫

ꯀꯦꯁꯤꯅꯣꯒꯤ ꯁꯦꯜ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯇꯁꯦꯡꯅ ꯀꯦꯁꯤꯅꯣꯒꯤꯅꯤꯕꯔꯥ?

ꯅꯠꯇꯦ꯫ ꯃꯥꯏꯄꯥꯛꯄ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗ ꯇꯦꯕꯜꯗ ꯂꯩꯔꯤꯕ $20 ꯑꯗꯨ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤꯅꯤ꯫ ꯊꯃꯍꯟꯕ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯃꯥꯡꯕ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯁꯥꯒꯤ ꯁꯦꯜ ꯃꯥꯡꯕꯒꯨꯝ ꯎꯗꯕꯅꯥ ꯄꯥꯔꯣꯂꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅ ꯂꯥꯏꯕꯒꯨꯝ ꯐꯥꯑꯣꯏ꯫ ꯃꯗꯨ ꯃꯁꯥꯒꯤ ꯁꯦꯜꯅꯤ꯫

ꯄꯥꯔꯣꯂꯤ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯥꯔꯇꯤꯟꯒꯦꯜꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯐꯕꯔꯥ?

ꯐꯪꯒꯗꯕ ꯃꯃꯜ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯩ, ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯋꯥꯡꯕ ꯊꯝꯂꯕ ꯁꯦꯜ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯅꯦꯝꯃꯤ, ꯇꯦꯕꯜꯒꯤ ꯉꯝꯈꯩꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯟꯊꯣꯛ ꯂꯩꯇꯦ꯫ ꯃꯔꯨ ꯑꯣꯏꯕ ꯑꯃꯈꯛ ꯅꯠꯇꯅ ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛꯇ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯐꯩ, ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯃꯔꯨ ꯑꯣꯏꯕ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯍꯣꯡꯗꯦ꯫

ꯅꯣꯛꯅꯕꯒꯤ ꯀꯃꯤꯛ

ꯌꯥꯝꯅ ꯑꯄꯤꯛꯅ ꯃꯥꯏꯊꯤ, ꯈꯟꯅ ꯑꯆꯧꯅ ꯃꯥꯏꯄꯥꯛ꯫ ꯃꯥꯔꯇꯤꯟꯒꯦꯜꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯟꯊꯣꯛꯂꯕꯅꯤ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯃꯜ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯩ꯫

ꯌꯥꯝꯅ ꯑꯄꯤꯛꯅ ꯃꯥꯏꯊꯤ, ꯈꯟꯅ ꯑꯆꯧꯅ ꯃꯥꯏꯄꯥꯛ꯫ ꯃꯥꯔꯇꯤꯟꯒꯦꯜꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯟꯊꯣꯛꯂꯕꯅꯤ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯃꯜ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯩ꯫

ꯍꯧꯔꯛꯐꯃꯁꯤꯡ

  1. Ethier, S. N. The Doctrine of Chances: Probabilistic Aspects of Gambling. ꯁ꯭ꯞꯔꯤꯡꯒꯔ, 2010꯫ ꯆꯦꯞꯇꯔ 13, ꯔꯨꯂꯦꯠ꯫
ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯅꯈꯤꯕ 2026-09-28ꯃꯣꯗꯦꯜ: ꯌꯨꯔꯣꯄꯤꯌꯟ, ꯁꯤꯡꯒꯜ ꯖꯤꯔꯣꯃꯦꯊꯗꯣꯂꯣꯖꯤ ↗ꯍꯧꯔꯛꯐꯃꯁꯤꯡ ↗