ꯋꯥꯍꯩ ꯄꯔꯤꯡ · ꯊꯧꯔꯥꯡ
ꯄꯥꯔꯣꯂꯤ
ꯄꯣꯖꯤꯇꯤꯕ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯒ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯟ: ꯃꯥꯏꯄꯥꯛꯂꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗ ꯑꯅꯤ ꯊꯥꯛ ꯍꯦꯅꯒꯠꯍꯜꯂꯤ, ꯃꯥꯏꯊꯤꯔꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗ ꯅꯠꯔꯒ ꯃꯈꯥ ꯆꯠꯅꯅ ꯑꯃꯨꯛ ꯑꯍꯨꯝ ꯃꯥꯏꯄꯥꯛꯂꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗ ꯑꯍꯧꯕꯗ ꯍꯜꯂꯀꯏ꯫ ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄ ꯃꯃꯤꯡ: ꯔꯤꯚꯔꯁ ꯃꯥꯔꯇꯤꯟꯒꯦꯜ꯫
ꯋꯥꯐꯃꯗ
ꯆꯛꯔ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯗ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯁꯥꯒꯤ ꯁꯦꯜ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕ ꯌꯨꯅꯤꯠꯁꯦꯜꯌꯨꯅꯤꯠꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯝ ꯅꯠꯔꯒ ꯁꯥꯟꯅꯔꯤꯕ ꯑꯃꯅ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯕ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕ ꯊꯝꯂꯕ ꯁꯦꯜ꯫ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯒ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯌꯨꯅꯤꯠꯇ ꯁꯟꯗꯣꯛꯂꯤ, ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯅ ꯃꯈꯣꯌ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕ ꯇꯦꯕꯜꯗ ꯆꯠꯂꯤ꯫ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯄꯥꯕꯤꯌꯨ → ꯑꯃꯈꯛꯇ ꯈꯨꯗꯣꯡꯊꯤꯕꯗ ꯊꯝꯃꯤ; ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯑꯃꯨꯛ ꯍꯟꯅꯥ ꯊꯝꯂꯕ ꯃꯥꯏꯄꯥꯛꯇꯨꯅ ꯐꯪꯂꯕ ꯁꯦꯜꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯈꯥ ꯆꯠꯅꯅ ꯆꯞ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯕ ꯃꯥꯏꯄꯥꯛꯄ ꯑꯍꯨꯝ ꯃꯇꯃꯒꯤ 11.5% ꯗ ꯊꯣꯛꯏ꯫
ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯈꯉꯕꯔꯥ
ꯄꯥꯔꯣꯂꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯏꯇꯥꯂꯤꯌꯥꯅꯒꯤ paro, “ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯕ” ꯗꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯀꯏ: ꯃꯥꯏꯄꯥꯛꯄ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯕ ꯁꯦꯜ ꯑꯃꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯑꯃꯨꯛ ꯍꯟꯅꯥ ꯊꯝꯕ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯔꯨꯂꯦꯠ ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯝꯁꯤꯡ ꯌꯣꯟꯕꯒꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅ ꯃꯃꯥꯡꯗ, 1700 ꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯀꯥꯔꯗ ꯒꯦꯃꯒꯤ ꯅꯤꯌꯝꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯔꯤꯀꯁꯤꯡꯗ ꯂꯩ꯫