ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯗꯤꯂꯔꯁꯤꯡ
ꯗꯦꯃꯣ ꯒꯦꯃꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯕ ꯇꯦꯕꯜ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯗꯤꯂꯔ ꯇꯔꯥꯃꯉꯥꯅ ꯆꯂꯥꯏ꯫ ꯃꯈꯣꯌ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯃꯛꯇ ꯈꯣꯟꯖꯦꯜ ꯑꯃꯥ, ꯁ꯭ꯀꯤꯟ ꯑꯃꯥ, ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯝꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗ ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯩ, ꯃꯈꯥꯗ ꯄꯥꯎꯗꯨꯅ ꯌꯥꯕꯤꯌꯨ꯫

ꯃꯈꯥꯗ ꯗꯤꯂꯔ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯈꯅꯕꯤꯌꯨ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯍꯥꯛ ꯀꯗꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯀꯈꯤꯕꯅꯣ, ꯀꯔꯝꯅ ꯗꯤꯜ ꯇꯧꯕꯅꯣ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯑꯃꯨꯛ ꯃꯉꯥꯁꯨꯕ ꯑꯣꯏꯅ ꯗꯕꯜ ꯇꯧꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯅꯣ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨ ꯄꯥꯕꯤꯌꯨ꯫ ꯃꯈꯣꯌ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛꯅ ꯆꯛꯔ ꯑꯃꯠꯇꯒꯤ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯗꯨ 2.70%ꯒꯤ ꯃꯈꯥꯗ ꯗꯤꯜ ꯇꯧꯏ; ꯈꯦꯠꯅꯕꯗꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯞ-ꯃꯄꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯈꯛꯇꯅꯤ꯫

ꯌꯨꯀꯤ
ꯃꯥꯡꯒꯥ ꯀ꯭ꯔꯨꯄꯤꯌꯦ · ꯃꯉꯥꯜ ꯃꯤꯟꯊꯤꯕꯅ ꯊꯧꯔꯥꯡ ꯅꯠꯇꯦ
ꯃꯥꯡꯒꯥ ꯀ꯭ꯔꯨꯄꯤꯌꯦ꯫ ꯁ꯭ꯄꯤꯟ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯗ ꯃꯉꯥꯜ ꯊꯣꯀꯏ, ꯁꯃꯗ ꯔꯤꯕꯟ ꯑꯃꯥ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯊꯧꯅꯥ ꯄꯤꯕꯅ 2.70%ꯗ ꯀꯔꯤꯁꯨ ꯍꯣꯡꯗꯣꯀꯄ ꯉꯃꯗꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯕ ꯆꯦꯠꯄ ꯊꯥꯖꯕ꯫
ꯇꯦꯕꯜ ꯑꯁꯤꯗ ꯐꯝꯕꯤꯌꯨꯃꯍꯥꯛ ꯀꯗꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯀꯈꯤꯕꯅꯣ
ꯌꯨꯀꯤꯅ ꯆꯍꯤ ꯇꯔꯥꯃꯥꯄꯟꯗ ꯑꯦꯁꯤꯌꯥꯒꯤ ꯃꯥꯔꯀꯦꯠꯀꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯐꯤꯜꯝ ꯇꯧꯕ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯇꯞꯄ ꯄꯨꯡ ꯑꯃꯗ ꯆꯦꯠ ꯔꯨꯝ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯆꯂꯥꯏꯕ ꯉꯝꯕ ꯗꯤꯂꯔꯁꯤꯡ ꯄꯥꯝꯕ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯨꯗꯤꯑꯣ ꯑꯃꯗ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯑꯍꯥꯅꯕ ꯆꯛꯔ ꯗꯤꯜ ꯇꯧꯈꯤ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯉꯝꯃꯤ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯃꯛꯀꯤ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯩ (17 ꯑꯁꯤ ꯐꯤꯂꯃꯁꯤꯡꯗ ꯂꯩꯕ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯤ; 22 ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯄꯣꯛꯄ ꯅꯨꯃꯤꯠꯅꯤ; ꯖꯤꯔꯣꯆꯛꯔꯖꯤꯔꯣꯆꯞ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯕ, ꯗꯖꯟ ꯅꯠꯔꯒ ꯀꯂꯝ ꯕꯦꯠ ꯑꯃꯠꯇꯅ ꯀꯨꯞꯇꯕ ꯑꯁꯪꯕ ꯄꯣꯀꯦꯠ ꯑꯃꯈꯛꯇ; ꯍꯥꯎꯁ ꯑꯦꯖꯀꯤ ꯍꯧꯔꯀꯐꯝꯅꯤ꯫ ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄ ꯃꯃꯤꯡ: ꯁꯤꯡꯒꯜ ꯖꯤꯔꯣ, 0꯫ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯄꯥꯕꯤꯌꯨ → ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯃꯠꯇꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯕ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯤ) ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯕꯣꯜꯈꯨꯠꯂꯥꯏꯕꯣꯜꯔꯣꯇꯔꯒꯤ ꯃꯥꯌꯣꯛꯇ ꯇ꯭ꯔꯦꯛꯇ ꯊꯥꯗꯣꯛꯄ ꯑꯄꯤꯛꯄ ꯕꯣꯜ꯫ ꯍꯧꯖꯤꯛꯀꯤ ꯕꯣꯜꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯥꯏꯚꯣꯔꯤꯟ ꯅꯠꯔꯒ ꯇꯦꯐ꯭ꯂꯣꯅꯅ ꯁꯦꯝꯃꯤ, 18–21 mm꯫ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯄꯥꯕꯤꯌꯨ → ꯑꯗꯨꯅ ꯃꯁꯥꯒꯤ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯇꯧꯔꯤꯉꯩꯗ ꯇꯦꯕꯜ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯋꯥ ꯉꯥꯡꯍꯟꯅꯕ ꯃꯈꯣꯌ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯩ꯫
ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯀꯔꯝꯅ ꯗꯤꯜ ꯇꯧꯕꯒꯦ
ꯊꯨꯅꯅ, ꯁꯦꯡꯅ ꯊꯥꯗꯣꯛꯄ, ꯄꯥꯛꯄ “ꯕꯦꯠ ꯊꯝꯕ ꯂꯣꯏꯔꯦꯃꯑꯣꯡꯕꯦꯠ ꯊꯝꯕ ꯂꯣꯏꯔꯦꯕꯦꯠ ꯊꯝꯕ ꯊꯤꯡꯍꯟꯕ ꯗꯤꯂꯔꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯎꯕ (ꯅꯠꯔꯒ ꯁ꯭ꯛꯔꯤꯅꯒꯤ ꯃꯌꯦꯛ)꯫ ꯆꯤꯞꯁꯤꯡ ꯊꯝꯕ, ꯆꯦꯟꯊꯍꯟꯕ ꯅꯠꯔꯒ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯀꯄ ꯌꯥꯔꯣꯏ꯫ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯄꯥꯕꯤꯌꯨ →” ꯈꯨꯠ ꯍꯥꯞꯄ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯂꯣꯜ ꯑꯅꯤꯗ ꯀꯧꯕ ꯃꯍꯩ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯆꯛꯔꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯦꯟꯅ ꯆꯦꯠ ꯌꯦꯡꯏ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯥꯟꯅꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗ ꯋꯥꯍꯪ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯃꯛ ꯁ꯭ꯄꯤꯟ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗ ꯄꯥꯎꯈꯨꯝ ꯄꯤꯏ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯊꯧꯔꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯄꯥꯎꯇꯥꯛ ꯄꯤꯗꯦ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯍꯥꯌꯖꯔꯀꯄꯗ ꯃꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯍꯨꯠꯇ ꯍꯥꯎꯁ ꯑꯦꯖꯃꯦꯊꯃꯦꯇꯤꯛꯁꯍꯥꯎꯁ ꯑꯦꯖꯊꯝꯂꯕ ꯁꯦꯜ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯗꯒꯤ ꯀꯦꯁꯤꯅꯣꯅ ꯑꯦꯚꯔꯦꯖꯗ ꯊꯃꯖꯤꯜꯂꯤꯕ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ: ꯌꯨꯔꯣꯄꯤꯌꯟ ꯔꯨꯂꯦꯠꯇ 2.70%꯫ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯄꯥꯕꯤꯌꯨ → ꯑꯗꯨ ꯍꯔꯥꯑꯣꯅ ꯄꯤꯏ꯫
ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯝꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯒꯦ
ꯌꯨꯀꯤꯅ ꯃꯥꯔꯇꯤꯟꯒꯦꯜꯊꯧꯔꯥꯡꯃꯥꯔꯇꯤꯟꯒꯦꯜꯃꯥꯏꯊꯤꯕ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗ ꯕꯦꯠ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯑꯅꯤ ꯊꯥꯛ ꯍꯦꯅꯒꯠꯍꯟꯕ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯒ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯟ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯇꯧꯕꯒꯦ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯇꯧꯗꯕꯒꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯕ ꯊꯧꯔꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯁꯦꯛꯁꯅꯗ ꯌꯦꯡꯕꯤꯌꯨ꯫ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯄꯥꯕꯤꯌꯨ → ꯂꯤꯁꯤꯡ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯎꯈ꯭ꯔꯦ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯃꯈꯣꯌ ꯅꯨꯡꯉꯥꯏꯅ ꯎꯏ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯗꯨ ꯍꯥꯌꯏ꯫ ꯁꯥꯟꯅꯔꯤꯕ ꯑꯃꯅ ꯃꯉꯥꯁꯨꯕ ꯑꯣꯏꯅ ꯗꯕꯜ ꯇꯧꯔꯀꯄꯗ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯤꯕ ꯋꯥꯍꯩ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯑꯄꯤꯛꯄ ꯉꯛꯄ ꯑꯃꯥ, ꯃꯉꯥꯜ ꯑꯃꯥ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯇꯦꯕꯜꯒꯤ ꯉꯝꯈꯩꯇꯦꯕꯜꯇꯦꯕꯜꯒꯤ ꯉꯝꯈꯩꯌꯥꯍꯜꯂꯤꯕ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯅꯦꯝꯕ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯋꯥꯡꯕ ꯕꯦꯠ꯫ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯋꯥꯡꯕ ꯉꯝꯈꯩ ꯑꯗꯨꯅ ꯑꯅꯤ ꯊꯥꯛ ꯍꯦꯅꯒꯠꯍꯟꯕ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯒ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯊꯤꯡꯏ꯫ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯄꯥꯕꯤꯌꯨ → ꯑꯗꯨ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯃꯛ ꯂꯩꯔꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯃꯁꯤꯗ ꯀꯩꯗꯧꯉꯩꯗꯁꯨ ꯅꯨꯡꯁꯤꯗꯕ ꯑꯣꯏꯗꯦ, ꯃꯗꯨꯅ ꯍꯦꯟꯅ ꯐꯠꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫
ꯁꯥꯟꯅꯔꯤꯕꯁꯤꯡꯅ ꯃꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯈꯅꯕꯒꯦ
ꯃꯔꯃꯗꯤ ꯀꯅꯥꯒꯨꯝꯕ ꯑꯃꯅ ꯊꯧꯅꯥ ꯄꯤꯔꯒ ꯔꯨꯂꯦꯠꯇ ꯃꯥꯏꯊꯤꯕ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯍꯦꯟꯅ ꯂꯥꯏꯏ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯇꯦꯕꯜꯁꯤꯡꯗ ꯗꯦꯃꯣ ꯒꯦꯃꯗ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯕ ꯆꯦꯠ ꯂꯩ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ, ꯄꯤꯠ ꯕꯣꯁꯅ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯤ, ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛꯀꯤꯒꯥ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯕ ꯍꯥꯎꯁ ꯑꯦꯖ ꯂꯩ꯫


ꯐ꯭ꯔꯣꯁ꯭ꯇꯕꯔꯠ
ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯅꯨꯡꯉꯥꯏꯇꯕ ꯏꯁꯤꯡ ꯀꯪꯒꯤ ꯃꯥꯏꯕ · ꯇꯦꯕꯜꯗ ꯆꯍꯤ 1,000
ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯅꯨꯡꯉꯥꯏꯇꯕ ꯏꯁꯤꯡ ꯀꯪꯒꯤ ꯃꯥꯏꯕ꯫ ꯇꯦꯕꯜꯗ ꯆꯍꯤ ꯂꯤꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯥ, ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯊꯋꯥꯌꯗ ꯀꯪꯍꯜꯂꯕ ꯅꯤꯡꯊꯧꯃꯆꯥ ꯑꯃꯥ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯏ ꯁꯥꯠꯄ ꯃꯤꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯑꯥꯁꯥꯗ ꯑꯁꯥꯎꯕ ꯂꯩꯇꯕ꯫
ꯇꯦꯕꯜ ꯑꯁꯤꯗ ꯐꯝꯕꯤꯌꯨꯃꯍꯥꯛ ꯀꯗꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯀꯈꯤꯕꯅꯣ
ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯤ ꯀꯪꯒꯤ ꯀꯥꯁꯜ ꯑꯃꯗꯒꯤ, ꯄꯤꯠ ꯕꯣꯁꯅ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯤ ꯖꯔꯃꯅꯒꯤ ꯁ꯭ꯄꯥ ꯁꯍꯔ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯀꯦꯁꯤꯅꯣ ꯑꯃꯗꯒꯤ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ 1843ꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯗ ꯂꯩꯔꯝꯕꯒꯨꯝꯅ ꯋꯥ ꯉꯥꯡꯏ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯣꯟꯇꯦ ꯀꯥꯔꯂꯣꯕꯨ “ꯁꯥꯠꯄ ꯃꯐꯝ” ꯍꯥꯌꯅ ꯀꯧꯏ꯫ ꯃꯍꯩꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯅꯤꯡꯁꯤꯡꯕ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯐꯥꯏ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯗꯨ ꯃꯈꯣꯌ ꯑꯃꯠꯇꯅ ꯃꯊꯪꯒꯤ ꯃꯍꯩ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯃꯗꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯕ ꯇꯥꯛꯅꯕꯈꯛ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯩ꯫
ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯀꯔꯝꯅ ꯗꯤꯜ ꯇꯧꯕꯒꯦ
ꯇꯞꯅ꯫ ꯊꯥꯗꯣꯛꯄ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯌꯥꯡꯖꯗꯦ, ꯀꯧꯔꯣꯜ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯋꯥꯍꯩ ꯑꯃꯈꯛꯇꯅꯤ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯄꯦꯑꯥꯎꯠꯁꯦꯜꯄꯦꯑꯥꯎꯠꯃꯥꯏꯄꯥꯛꯄ ꯕꯦꯠ ꯑꯃꯅ ꯍꯜꯂꯛꯄ ꯁꯦꯜ, ꯍꯜꯂꯀꯄ ꯊꯝꯂꯕ ꯁꯦꯜꯒꯤ ꯃꯊꯛꯇ “X ꯗꯒꯤ 1” ꯍꯥꯌꯅ ꯍꯥꯌꯏ꯫ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯄꯥꯕꯤꯌꯨ → ꯑꯗꯨ ꯆꯨꯃꯊꯣꯀꯏ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯈꯨꯠ ꯍꯥꯞꯇꯦ; ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯁꯥꯠꯄ ꯍꯟꯊꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛ ꯂꯥꯀꯄꯗ ꯆꯦꯠ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯅꯤꯡꯊꯤꯔꯛꯏ ꯍꯥꯌꯅ ꯁꯥꯟꯅꯔꯤꯕꯁꯤꯡꯅ ꯍꯥꯌꯏ, ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯃꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯔꯨꯂꯦꯠ ꯆꯛꯔ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯃꯥꯡꯗ ꯆꯨꯝꯕ ꯄꯥꯎꯈꯨꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅ ꯂꯧꯏ꯫
ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯝꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯒꯦ
ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯕꯨ ꯆꯍꯤ ꯂꯤꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯌꯦꯡꯂꯛꯂꯦ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯈꯣꯌ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯃꯛꯄꯨ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯈꯔꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯅ ꯁꯥꯠꯄꯒꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯅ ꯁꯟꯗꯣꯀꯏ꯫ ꯃꯥꯔꯇꯤꯟꯒꯦꯜꯒꯤꯊꯧꯔꯥꯡꯃꯥꯔꯇꯤꯟꯒꯦꯜꯃꯥꯏꯊꯤꯕ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗ ꯕꯦꯠ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯑꯅꯤ ꯊꯥꯛ ꯍꯦꯅꯒꯠꯍꯟꯕ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯒ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯟ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯇꯧꯕꯒꯦ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯇꯧꯗꯕꯒꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯕ ꯊꯧꯔꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯁꯦꯛꯁꯅꯗ ꯌꯦꯡꯕꯤꯌꯨ꯫ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯄꯥꯕꯤꯌꯨ → ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯋꯥꯍꯩꯗꯤ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯃꯩ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ: ꯃꯉꯥꯜꯂꯤ, ꯌꯥꯝꯅ ꯁꯥꯡꯗꯦ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯏꯪꯕꯅ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯄꯨꯝꯕꯗ ꯃꯥꯏꯄꯥꯀꯏ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯐꯠꯇꯕ ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯌꯥꯎꯗꯅ, ꯅꯨꯡꯁꯥ-ꯅꯨꯡꯁꯥꯒꯤ ꯄꯥꯎ ꯑꯃꯒꯨꯝꯅ ꯍꯥꯌꯏ꯫
ꯁꯥꯟꯅꯔꯤꯕꯁꯤꯡꯅ ꯃꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯈꯅꯕꯒꯦ
ꯃꯔꯃꯗꯤ ꯃꯤ ꯈꯔꯅ ꯂꯥꯟꯅ ꯂꯧꯗꯕ ꯗꯤꯂꯔ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯄꯥꯝꯃꯤ꯫ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯣꯁ꯭ꯇꯕꯔꯠꯅ ꯃꯥꯏꯄꯥꯀꯄ ꯑꯃꯗ ꯀꯩꯗꯧꯉꯩꯗꯁꯨ ꯊꯥꯒꯠꯄ ꯐꯣꯡꯗꯣꯀꯄꯗꯦ; ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯃꯗꯨ 2.70%ꯗ ꯅꯣꯠ ꯇꯧꯏ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯃꯨꯛ ꯍꯟꯅꯥ ꯆꯛꯔ ꯀꯣꯏꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯄꯨꯝꯕꯗ ꯂꯥꯛꯂꯤꯕꯁꯤꯡꯅ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯅꯨꯡꯉꯥꯏꯕ ꯐꯥꯑꯣꯏ꯫


ꯀꯥꯎꯟꯠ ꯚ꯭ꯂꯥꯗ
ꯚꯦꯝꯄꯥꯌꯥꯔ ꯗꯤꯂꯔ · ꯆꯅꯝ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯖꯤꯔꯣ ꯐꯥꯎꯕꯗ ꯑꯦꯂꯥꯔꯖꯤ ꯂꯩ
ꯚꯦꯝꯄꯥꯌꯥꯔ ꯗꯤꯂꯔ꯫ ꯆꯍꯤꯆꯥ ꯀꯌꯥꯒꯤ ꯅꯨꯃꯤꯗꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯁꯤꯐꯠꯁꯤꯡ, ꯆꯅꯃꯗ ꯑꯦꯂꯥꯔꯖꯤ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯁꯥꯟꯅꯔꯤꯕꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯆꯤꯞꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯛꯂꯤꯕ ꯑꯁꯪꯕ ꯄꯣꯀꯦꯠ ꯑꯗꯨꯗ ꯊꯕꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡꯗ ꯅꯨꯡꯉꯥꯏꯇꯕ꯫
ꯇꯦꯕꯜ ꯑꯁꯤꯗ ꯐꯝꯕꯤꯌꯨꯃꯍꯥꯛ ꯀꯗꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯀꯈꯤꯕꯅꯣ
ꯌꯥꯝꯅ ꯃꯃꯥꯡꯗ ꯀꯥꯁꯜ ꯑꯃꯗꯒꯤ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯛꯅꯕ ꯃꯇꯃꯗ ꯃꯣꯟꯇꯦ ꯀꯥꯔꯂꯣꯒꯤ ꯅꯨꯃꯤꯗꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯇꯦꯕꯜ ꯑꯃꯗꯒꯤ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯗꯣꯁ꯭ꯇꯣꯌꯦꯚꯁ꯭ꯀꯤꯗ ꯗꯤꯜ ꯇꯧꯈꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯗꯨ ꯇꯧꯔꯣꯏꯗꯕꯅꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯅ ꯄꯥꯎꯇꯥꯛ ꯄꯤꯈꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯏ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯐꯥꯕ ꯋꯥꯍꯩꯄꯔꯦꯡꯁꯤꯡꯗ ꯋꯥ ꯉꯥꯡꯏ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯥꯟꯅꯔꯤꯕꯁꯤꯡꯕꯨ “ꯑꯩꯒꯤ ꯃꯤꯄꯨꯝ” ꯍꯥꯌꯅ ꯀꯧꯏ, ꯃꯁꯤ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯄꯨꯝꯕꯗ ꯂꯥꯛꯂꯤꯕꯁꯤꯡꯅ ꯅꯨꯡꯉꯥꯏꯕ ꯐꯥꯑꯣꯏ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯆꯦꯠ ꯃꯣꯗꯔꯦꯇꯔꯁꯤꯡꯅ ꯐ꯭ꯂꯦꯒ ꯇꯧꯕ ꯂꯦꯞꯂꯦ꯫
ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯀꯔꯝꯅ ꯗꯤꯜ ꯇꯧꯕꯒꯦ
ꯊꯧꯔꯝ ꯑꯃꯒꯨꯝꯅ꯫ ꯕꯣꯜꯈꯨꯠꯂꯥꯏꯕꯣꯜꯔꯣꯇꯔꯒꯤ ꯃꯥꯌꯣꯛꯇ ꯇ꯭ꯔꯦꯛꯇ ꯊꯥꯗꯣꯛꯄ ꯑꯄꯤꯛꯄ ꯕꯣꯜ꯫ ꯍꯧꯖꯤꯛꯀꯤ ꯕꯣꯜꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯥꯏꯚꯣꯔꯤꯟ ꯅꯠꯔꯒ ꯇꯦꯐ꯭ꯂꯣꯅꯅ ꯁꯦꯝꯃꯤ, 18–21 mm꯫ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯄꯥꯕꯤꯌꯨ → ꯑꯗꯨ ꯈꯨꯗꯣꯜ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯄꯤꯕꯒꯨꯝꯅ ꯊꯥꯗꯣꯀꯏ; ꯃꯍꯩ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯃꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯃꯥꯡꯗ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯂꯦꯞꯂꯒ ꯂꯥꯑꯣꯊꯣꯀꯏ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯗꯣꯂꯤꯈꯨꯠꯂꯥꯏꯗꯣꯂꯤꯕꯦꯠꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯁꯦꯜ ꯄꯤꯔꯤꯉꯩꯗ ꯂꯦꯑꯥꯎꯠꯇ ꯃꯥꯏꯄꯥꯛꯄ ꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨꯗ ꯊꯝꯕ ꯈꯣꯃꯖꯤꯟꯕꯒꯤ ꯄꯣꯠ꯫ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯄꯥꯕꯤꯌꯨ → ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯈꯨꯠ ꯊꯥꯗꯕꯒꯤ ꯅꯤꯌꯝꯗ ꯌꯥꯝꯅ ꯆꯦꯀꯁꯤꯜꯂꯤ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ “ꯔꯤꯌꯦꯟ ꯅꯦ ꯚꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯂꯨꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯟꯆ · ꯃꯑꯣꯡꯔꯤꯌꯦꯟ ꯅꯦ ꯚꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯂꯨ“ꯍꯧꯖꯤꯛꯇꯒꯤ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕ ꯑꯃꯠꯇ ꯆꯠꯂꯣꯏ꯫” ꯕꯦꯠ ꯊꯝꯕ ꯂꯣꯏꯔꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯒꯤ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯟꯆ ꯂꯥꯎꯕ꯫ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯄꯥꯕꯤꯌꯨ →” ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯑꯗꯨꯅ ꯁꯥꯟꯅꯔꯤꯕꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯋꯥꯈꯂꯗ ꯕꯦꯠꯁꯤꯡ ꯆꯦꯛꯀꯟꯗ ꯑꯌꯥꯡꯕ ꯃꯃꯥꯡꯗ ꯊꯤꯡꯏ꯫
ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯝꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯒꯦ
ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯝ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯃꯛꯇꯒꯤ ꯃꯍꯥꯛ ꯃꯁꯥꯃꯛ ꯍꯦꯟꯅ ꯁꯥꯡꯅ ꯍꯤꯡꯈꯤ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯋꯥꯈꯜꯗꯤ ꯃꯈꯣꯌ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯥꯁꯥꯒꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯥꯁꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯇꯦꯕꯜꯗ ꯄꯨꯔꯛꯅꯕ ꯐꯕ ꯄꯣꯠꯂꯝ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯕꯦꯠ ꯊꯝꯅꯕꯗꯤ ꯐꯠꯇꯕ ꯄꯣꯠꯂꯝ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯉꯝꯈꯩꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯃꯥꯔꯇꯤꯟꯒꯦꯜꯒꯤꯊꯧꯔꯥꯡꯃꯥꯔꯇꯤꯟꯒꯦꯜꯃꯥꯏꯊꯤꯕ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗ ꯕꯦꯠ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯑꯅꯤ ꯊꯥꯛ ꯍꯦꯅꯒꯠꯍꯟꯕ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯒ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯟ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯇꯧꯕꯒꯦ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯇꯧꯗꯕꯒꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯕ ꯊꯧꯔꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯁꯦꯛꯁꯅꯗ ꯌꯦꯡꯕꯤꯌꯨ꯫ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯄꯥꯕꯤꯌꯨ → ꯈꯨꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯍꯪꯗꯅꯅ ꯍꯥꯌꯒꯅꯤ, ꯃꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯇ ꯂꯥꯛ ꯐꯕꯥ ꯄꯥꯝꯖꯒꯅꯤ꯫
ꯁꯥꯟꯅꯔꯤꯕꯁꯤꯡꯅ ꯃꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯈꯅꯕꯒꯦ
ꯐꯤꯚꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯤ꯫ ꯚꯦꯝꯄꯥꯌꯥꯔ ꯁ꯭ꯀꯤꯟ, ꯅꯨꯃꯤꯗꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯇꯦꯕꯜꯒꯤ ꯊꯨꯅꯕ-ꯇꯞꯄ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯤꯡꯊꯧꯒꯤ ꯌꯨꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡꯒꯤ ꯋꯥꯔꯤꯁꯤꯡꯅ ꯃꯥꯏꯊꯤꯕ ꯁꯦꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯕꯨ ꯅꯨꯡꯉꯥꯏꯕ ꯅꯨꯃꯤꯗꯥꯡ ꯑꯃꯒꯨꯝ ꯐꯥꯑꯣꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫ ꯍꯥꯎꯁ ꯑꯦꯖꯃꯦꯊꯃꯦꯇꯤꯛꯁꯍꯥꯎꯁ ꯑꯦꯖꯊꯝꯂꯕ ꯁꯦꯜ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯗꯒꯤ ꯀꯦꯁꯤꯅꯣꯅ ꯑꯦꯚꯔꯦꯖꯗ ꯊꯃꯖꯤꯜꯂꯤꯕ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ: ꯌꯨꯔꯣꯄꯤꯌꯟ ꯔꯨꯂꯦꯠꯇ 2.70%꯫ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯄꯥꯕꯤꯌꯨ → ꯑꯗꯨ ꯀꯦꯞ ꯁꯣꯟꯗꯨꯅ ꯂꯥꯛꯂꯤ꯫


ꯀꯦꯞꯇꯦꯟ ꯕꯥꯏꯠ
ꯔꯣꯕꯣꯠ ꯗꯤꯂꯔ · ꯐꯔꯃꯋꯦꯌꯔ 2.70
ꯔꯣꯕꯣꯠ ꯗꯤꯂꯔ꯫ ꯐꯔꯃꯋꯦꯌꯔ 2.70, ꯁꯦꯇꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯈꯛꯇ ꯂꯩꯕ ꯈꯣꯟꯖꯦꯜ ꯁꯤꯟꯊꯦꯁꯥꯏꯖꯔ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯍꯩ ꯑꯃꯕꯨ ꯔꯦꯟꯗꯝ ꯅꯠꯇꯕ ꯑꯣꯏꯅ ꯂꯧꯕ ꯉꯃꯗꯕ꯫
ꯇꯦꯕꯜ ꯑꯁꯤꯗ ꯐꯝꯕꯤꯌꯨꯃꯍꯥꯛ ꯀꯗꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯀꯈꯤꯕꯅꯣ
ꯀꯩꯗꯧꯉꯩꯗꯁꯨ ꯋꯥꯡꯗꯕ, ꯀꯩꯗꯧꯉꯩꯗꯁꯨ ꯑꯁꯣꯌꯕ ꯇꯧꯗꯕ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀꯩꯗꯧꯉꯩꯗꯁꯨ ꯄꯥꯎꯇꯥꯛ ꯄꯤꯗꯕ ꯗꯤꯂꯔ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯄꯥꯝꯕ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯨꯗꯤꯑꯣ ꯑꯃꯗꯒꯤ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯁ꯭ꯄꯦꯁꯤꯐꯤꯀꯦꯁꯟ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯐꯥꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯃꯍꯩ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯃꯛ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯊꯣꯛꯄꯒꯤ ꯈꯨꯗꯣꯡꯆꯥꯕꯒꯥꯃꯦꯊꯃꯦꯇꯤꯛꯁꯊꯣꯛꯄꯒꯤ ꯈꯨꯗꯣꯡꯆꯥꯕꯃꯍꯩ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯊꯣꯛꯄꯒꯤ ꯈꯨꯗꯣꯡꯆꯥꯕ, 0 ꯗꯒꯤ 1 ꯐꯥꯑꯣꯕ ꯅꯠꯔꯒ 0% ꯗꯒꯤ 100% ꯐꯥꯑꯣꯕ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯥ: 1/37 = 2.70%꯫ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯄꯥꯕꯤꯌꯨ → ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅ ꯂꯥꯑꯣꯊꯣꯀꯏ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯍꯪꯂꯕꯗꯤ ꯃꯗꯨ ꯑꯃꯨꯛ ꯍꯟꯅꯥ ꯊꯣꯛꯄꯒꯤ ꯈꯨꯗꯣꯡꯆꯥꯕꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅ, ꯃꯗꯨꯁꯨ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯩ꯫
ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯀꯔꯝꯅ ꯗꯤꯜ ꯇꯧꯕꯒꯦ
ꯃꯇꯝ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯃꯛꯇ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯅ꯫ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯕ ꯊꯥꯗꯣꯛꯄꯒꯤ ꯊꯨꯅꯕ, ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯕ ꯈꯨꯠ ꯍꯥꯞꯄ, ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯕ ꯂꯦꯞꯄ꯫ ꯗꯤꯂꯔꯒꯤ ꯁꯥꯏꯅꯦꯆꯔ ꯊꯤꯕ ꯁꯥꯟꯅꯔꯤꯕꯁꯤꯡꯅ ꯃꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ ꯀ꯭ꯂꯣꯛ ꯇꯧꯅꯕ ꯍꯣꯠꯅꯈꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯊꯥꯗꯣꯛꯄꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯗꯤꯖꯥꯏꯅꯗꯒꯤ ꯔꯦꯟꯗꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯕ ꯈꯉꯈꯤ; ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯅ ꯅꯣꯠ ꯂꯧꯕ ꯍꯧꯔꯀꯄꯗ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯏ꯫
ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯝꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯒꯦ
ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯕꯨ ꯁꯤꯃꯨꯂꯦꯠ ꯇꯧꯏ꯫ ꯀꯦꯞꯇꯦꯟ ꯕꯥꯏꯠꯇ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯅꯤꯌꯝ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯤꯌꯨ, ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯁꯥꯏꯀꯜ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯥꯡꯒꯗꯕ ꯁꯦꯜꯃꯦꯊꯃꯦꯇꯤꯛꯁꯃꯥꯡꯒꯗꯕ ꯁꯦꯜꯐꯪꯒꯗꯕ ꯃꯃꯂꯕꯨ ꯕꯦꯠ ꯊꯝꯂꯕ ꯁꯦꯜ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛꯅ ꯃꯅꯥꯡꯕ; ꯁꯦꯁꯟ ꯅꯠꯔꯒ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗ ꯃꯥꯡꯕ ꯑꯦꯚꯔꯦꯖ ꯁꯦꯜ꯫ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯄꯥꯕꯤꯌꯨ →, ꯈꯨꯃꯗ ꯇꯥꯕꯒꯤ ꯈꯨꯗꯣꯡꯆꯥꯕ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯤꯗꯤꯌꯥꯟ ꯁꯦꯁꯟ, ꯊꯥꯛ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯨꯝꯅ ꯍꯜꯂꯛꯀꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯃꯁꯥꯒꯤ ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯍꯥꯄꯆꯤꯟꯗꯦ꯫ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯗꯦ꯫
ꯁꯥꯟꯅꯔꯤꯕꯁꯤꯡꯅ ꯃꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯈꯅꯕꯒꯦ
ꯃꯔꯃꯗꯤ ꯃꯤ ꯈꯔꯅ ꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯊꯤꯕꯈꯛ ꯄꯥꯝꯃꯤ, ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄ ꯀꯔꯤꯁꯨ ꯄꯥꯝꯗꯦ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯇꯦꯕꯜ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯗꯦꯃꯣ ꯒꯦꯃꯗ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯅꯤꯡꯊꯤꯕꯅꯤ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯄꯤꯠ ꯕꯣꯁꯅ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯤ, ꯁꯥꯟꯅꯔꯤꯕꯁꯤꯡꯅ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯁꯦꯜ ꯄꯨꯗꯨꯅ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅ ꯊꯨꯅ ꯆꯠꯂꯛꯄ ꯇꯦꯕꯜ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯤ꯫


ꯀ꯭ꯂꯣꯏ
ꯁꯃ ꯃꯆꯨ ꯁꯟꯕ · ꯃꯃꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯁꯣꯃꯦꯂꯤꯌꯦ · ꯃꯥꯡꯈꯤꯕ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯃꯛꯀ ꯋꯥꯏꯟ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯌꯥꯎꯍꯟꯅꯤ
ꯃꯃꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯁꯣꯃꯦꯂꯤꯌꯦ꯫ ꯃꯍꯩ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯃꯛꯀ ꯋꯥꯏꯟ ꯑꯃꯥ, ꯃꯥꯏꯊꯤꯕ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯃꯛꯀ ꯍꯦꯟꯅ ꯐꯕ ꯋꯥꯏꯟ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯌꯥꯎꯍꯜꯂꯤ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯨꯃꯤꯗꯥꯡ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯁꯥꯡꯒꯗꯒꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨ ꯆꯨꯝꯅ ꯈꯡꯏ꯫
ꯇꯦꯕꯜ ꯑꯁꯤꯗ ꯐꯝꯕꯤꯌꯨꯃꯍꯥꯛ ꯀꯗꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯀꯈꯤꯕꯅꯣ
ꯂꯤꯑꯣꯟ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯖꯦꯅꯤꯚꯥꯗ ꯆꯍꯤ ꯇꯔꯥ ꯋꯥꯏꯟ ꯁꯔꯚꯤꯁ ꯇꯧꯈꯤ, ꯃꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗ ꯊꯕꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯍꯦꯟꯅ ꯐꯕ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯊꯤꯕ ꯍꯦꯟꯅ ꯂꯥꯏꯕꯅꯥ ꯗꯤꯂꯔ ꯁ꯭ꯀꯨꯜ ꯑꯃꯗ ꯆꯪꯈꯤ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯤꯕꯗꯤ ꯔꯨꯂꯦꯠ ꯇꯦꯕꯜ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯆꯥꯛ ꯃꯈꯜ ꯑꯃꯈꯛ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯃꯜ ꯂꯦꯞꯂꯕ ꯆꯥꯛ ꯆꯥꯕ ꯀꯥ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯃꯃꯜ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯆꯨꯝꯃꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯅ ꯐꯥꯑꯣꯍꯟꯕꯅꯤ꯫
ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯀꯔꯝꯅ ꯗꯤꯜ ꯇꯧꯕꯒꯦ
ꯆꯨꯃꯊꯣꯛꯅ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯄꯨꯡ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯗ ꯁ꯭ꯄꯤꯟ 45 ꯃꯔꯛꯇ ꯆꯂꯥꯏ, ꯁ꯭ꯇꯨꯗꯤꯑꯣꯒꯤ ꯑꯦꯚꯔꯦꯖꯗꯒꯤ ꯇꯞꯅ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯗꯨꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯊꯧꯖꯥꯜ ꯍꯩꯌꯗꯦ꯫ ꯁ꯭ꯄꯤꯟꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯛꯇ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯁꯥꯏ: ꯔꯣꯅꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗ, ꯍꯧꯖꯤꯛ ꯊꯣꯀꯈꯤꯕ ꯃꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗ, ꯑꯉꯥꯡꯕꯗꯕꯦꯠꯑꯉꯥꯡꯕꯑꯉꯥꯡꯕ ꯃꯁꯤꯡ 18 ꯗ ꯊꯝꯕ ꯆꯞ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯕ ꯕꯦꯠ꯫ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯟꯆ: ꯔꯨꯖ꯫ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯄꯥꯕꯤꯌꯨ → ꯅꯤꯡꯁꯤꯡꯕ ꯂꯩꯇꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗ꯫ ꯁꯥꯟꯅꯔꯤꯕꯁꯤꯡꯅ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯇꯦꯕꯜꯗ ꯍꯦꯟꯅ ꯁꯥꯡꯅ ꯂꯩꯏ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯄꯨꯡ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯗ ꯍꯦꯟꯅ ꯅꯦꯝꯅ ꯕꯦꯠ ꯊꯝꯃꯤ, ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯃꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕ ꯋꯥꯐꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅ ꯂꯧꯏ꯫
ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯝꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯒꯦ
ꯃꯈꯣꯌ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯤꯁꯤꯡꯅ ꯑꯒꯨꯔꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯤꯕ ꯋꯥꯔꯤꯁꯤꯡꯅꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯅ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯈꯣꯌ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯃꯛꯀꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯋꯥꯏꯟ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯩ: ꯃꯥꯔꯇꯤꯟꯒꯦꯜꯊꯧꯔꯥꯡꯃꯥꯔꯇꯤꯟꯒꯦꯜꯃꯥꯏꯊꯤꯕ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗ ꯕꯦꯠ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯑꯅꯤ ꯊꯥꯛ ꯍꯦꯅꯒꯠꯍꯟꯕ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯒ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯟ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯇꯧꯕꯒꯦ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯇꯧꯗꯕꯒꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯕ ꯊꯧꯔꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯁꯦꯛꯁꯅꯗ ꯌꯦꯡꯕꯤꯌꯨ꯫ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯄꯥꯕꯤꯌꯨ → ꯑꯁꯤ ꯅꯍꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯤꯕ ꯕꯣꯖꯣꯂꯦꯅꯤ, ꯍꯔꯥꯑꯣꯕ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯨꯃꯤꯗꯥꯡ ꯄꯨꯡ ꯇꯔꯥꯑꯃꯗ ꯂꯣꯏꯔꯦ; ꯂꯥꯕꯨꯁꯦꯌꯔꯊꯧꯔꯥꯡꯂꯥꯕꯨꯁꯦꯌꯔꯀꯛꯊꯠꯄꯒꯤ ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯝ: ꯃꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯟ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯏꯕꯤꯌꯨ, ꯃꯊꯛ ꯑꯅꯤꯒꯤ ꯄꯨꯟꯁꯤꯟꯅꯕ ꯕꯦꯠ ꯊꯝꯕꯤꯌꯨ, ꯃꯥꯏꯄꯥꯛꯂꯕꯗꯤ ꯃꯈꯣꯌ ꯀꯛꯊꯠꯄꯤꯌꯨ, ꯃꯥꯏꯊꯤꯔꯕꯗꯤ ꯃꯥꯡꯈꯤꯕ ꯊꯝꯂꯕ ꯁꯦꯜ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯍꯥꯄꯆꯤꯟꯕꯤꯌꯨ꯫ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯄꯥꯕꯤꯌꯨ → ꯑꯁꯤ ꯁꯦꯂꯥꯔꯗ ꯊꯝꯒꯗꯕ ꯕꯣꯔꯗꯣꯅꯤ, ꯃꯇꯝ ꯈꯔꯗ ꯀꯩꯗꯧꯉꯩꯗꯁꯨ ꯆꯥꯕ ꯌꯥꯕ ꯑꯣꯏꯗꯦ꯫ ꯐꯤꯕꯣꯅꯥꯆꯤꯊꯧꯔꯥꯡꯐꯤꯕꯣꯅꯥꯆꯤ1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13… ꯁꯤꯛꯋꯦꯟꯁ ꯃꯇꯨꯡ ꯏꯟꯕ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯒ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯟ: ꯃꯥꯏꯊꯤꯔꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗ ꯈꯣꯡꯊꯥꯡ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯃꯃꯥꯡꯗ, ꯃꯥꯏꯄꯥꯛꯂꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗ ꯈꯣꯡꯊꯥꯡ ꯑꯅꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗ꯫ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯄꯥꯕꯤꯌꯨ → ꯑꯁꯤ, ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯤ, ꯅꯦꯆꯔꯦꯜ ꯋꯥꯏꯟꯅꯤ: ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯐꯖꯩ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯍꯩ ꯍꯣꯡꯗꯣꯛ-ꯍꯣꯡꯗꯣꯛ ꯇꯧꯏ꯫
ꯁꯥꯟꯅꯔꯤꯕꯁꯤꯡꯅ ꯃꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯈꯅꯕꯒꯦ
ꯃꯔꯃꯗꯤ ꯀꯗꯥꯏꯗ ꯆꯠꯀꯗꯒꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯇ ꯍꯥꯌꯒꯅꯤ꯫ ꯂꯦꯞꯄꯒꯤ ꯅꯤꯌꯝꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯋꯥꯔꯤꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯁꯥꯏꯠ ꯑꯁꯤꯗ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯅꯨꯡꯁꯤꯕꯅꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅ ꯆꯠꯅꯕꯤꯕꯅꯤ꯫


ꯃꯦꯒꯟ
ꯁꯃ ꯃꯆꯨ ꯑꯃꯨꯕ · ꯆꯦꯁ ꯆꯦꯝꯄꯤꯌꯟ · ꯁ꯭ꯄꯤꯟ ꯅꯤꯄꯥꯟ ꯃꯃꯥꯡꯗ ꯈꯟꯅꯩ, ꯀꯥꯟꯅꯕ ꯑꯃꯠꯇ ꯂꯩꯇꯦ
ꯆꯦꯁ ꯆꯦꯝꯄꯤꯌꯟ꯫ ꯆꯠꯅꯕꯤ ꯑꯃꯠꯇ ꯂꯩꯇꯕ ꯁꯥꯟꯅꯕ ꯑꯃꯗ ꯁ꯭ꯄꯤꯟ ꯅꯤꯄꯥꯟ ꯃꯃꯥꯡꯗ ꯈꯟꯅꯩ, ꯃꯗꯨ ꯈꯉꯏ, ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯑꯥꯗꯠ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯊꯥꯗꯣꯛꯅꯕ ꯀꯠꯊꯣꯀꯄꯅꯥ ꯇꯧꯔꯤꯉꯩꯗꯁꯨ ꯇꯧꯏ꯫
ꯇꯦꯕꯜ ꯑꯁꯤꯗ ꯐꯝꯕꯤꯌꯨꯃꯍꯥꯛ ꯀꯗꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯀꯈꯤꯕꯅꯣ
ꯇꯨꯔꯅꯥꯃꯦꯟꯇꯀꯤ ꯍꯣꯜꯁꯤꯡꯗꯒꯤ, ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗ ꯃꯦꯊꯃꯦꯇꯤꯛꯁꯀꯤ ꯗꯤꯒ꯭ꯔꯤ, ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯀꯦꯃꯦꯔꯥꯒꯤ ꯃꯤꯠꯌꯦꯡ ꯅꯨꯡꯉꯥꯏꯕ ꯃꯥꯜꯇꯥꯒꯤ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯨꯗꯤꯑꯣ ꯑꯃꯗ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯔꯨꯂꯦꯠꯄꯨ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯀꯩꯗꯧꯉꯩꯗꯁꯨ ꯍꯦꯟꯅ ꯐꯒꯠꯍꯟꯕ ꯉꯃꯗꯕ ꯁꯥꯟꯅꯕ ꯑꯃꯈꯛ ꯍꯥꯌꯅ ꯁꯟꯗꯣꯀꯏ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯅꯨꯡꯉꯥꯏꯇꯕ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯅꯠꯇꯅ ꯔꯤꯁꯔꯆꯀꯤ ꯐꯪꯐꯝ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯅ ꯂꯧꯏ꯫
ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯀꯔꯝꯅ ꯗꯤꯜ ꯇꯧꯕꯒꯦ
ꯃꯌꯦꯛ ꯁꯦꯡꯅ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯃꯍꯩꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯄꯦꯑꯥꯎꯠꯁꯤꯡꯁꯦꯜꯄꯦꯑꯥꯎꯠꯃꯥꯏꯄꯥꯛꯄ ꯕꯦꯠ ꯑꯃꯅ ꯍꯜꯂꯛꯄ ꯁꯦꯜ, ꯍꯜꯂꯀꯄ ꯊꯝꯂꯕ ꯁꯦꯜꯒꯤ ꯃꯊꯛꯇ “X ꯗꯒꯤ 1” ꯍꯥꯌꯅ ꯍꯥꯌꯏ꯫ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯄꯥꯕꯤꯌꯨ → ꯂꯦꯞꯄ ꯂꯩꯇꯅ ꯀꯧꯏ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯂꯦꯑꯥꯎꯠꯇꯈꯨꯠꯂꯥꯏꯂꯦꯑꯥꯎꯠꯇꯦꯕꯜꯗ ꯏꯔꯕ ꯕꯦꯠ ꯊꯝꯕꯒꯤ ꯒ꯭ꯔꯤꯗ꯫ ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄ ꯃꯃꯤꯡ: ꯇꯦꯕꯜ, ꯐꯦꯜꯠ, ꯀ꯭ꯂꯣꯊ꯫ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯄꯥꯕꯤꯌꯨ → ꯂꯩꯕ ꯆꯤꯞꯁꯦꯜꯆꯤꯞꯂꯦꯞꯂꯕ ꯁꯦꯜꯒꯤ ꯃꯃꯜ ꯇꯥꯛꯄ ꯇꯣꯀꯟ, ꯕꯦꯠ ꯊꯝꯅꯕ ꯂꯦꯑꯥꯎꯠꯇ ꯊꯝꯃꯤ꯫ ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄ ꯃꯃꯤꯡ: ꯆꯦꯛ꯫ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯄꯥꯕꯤꯌꯨ → ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯃꯛ ꯅꯤꯡꯁꯤꯡꯗꯨꯅ ꯉꯥꯛꯏ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯇꯦꯕꯜꯗ ꯌꯥꯅꯕ ꯊꯣꯀꯇꯦ ꯃꯔꯃꯗꯤ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯄꯥꯕ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯆꯨꯝꯃꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀꯦꯃꯦꯔꯥꯅꯁꯨ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯑꯣꯄꯅꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯦꯟꯗꯒꯦꯃꯒꯤ ꯂꯣꯜꯗ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯁꯥꯏ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯃꯨꯛ ꯁꯥꯟꯅꯔꯤꯕ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯅꯨꯃꯤꯗꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ “ꯔꯦꯖꯤꯒ꯭ꯅꯦꯁꯟ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯛꯂꯕ ꯁꯤꯁꯤꯂꯤꯌꯟ ꯑꯃꯥ” ꯍꯥꯌꯅ ꯁꯟꯗꯣꯀꯈꯤ꯫
ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯝꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯒꯦ
ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯝ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯋꯥꯔꯦꯞ ꯑꯃꯠꯇ ꯂꯧꯗꯕ ꯁꯥꯟꯅꯕ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯊꯧꯔꯥꯡꯅꯤ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯆꯨꯝꯕ ꯋꯥꯔꯦꯞ ꯑꯃꯈꯛ, ꯀꯌꯥ ꯄꯨꯔꯛꯀꯗꯒꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨ, ꯐꯝꯗ꯭ꯔꯤꯉꯩꯗ ꯂꯧꯏ ꯍꯥꯌꯅ꯫ ꯆꯦꯠꯇ “ꯐꯪꯒꯗꯕ ꯃꯃꯜꯃꯦꯊꯃꯦꯇꯤꯛꯁꯐꯪꯒꯗꯕ ꯃꯃꯜꯃꯇꯝ ꯁꯥꯡꯅ ꯌꯦꯡꯂꯕꯗ ꯕꯦꯠ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯑꯦꯚꯔꯦꯖ ꯃꯍꯩ꯫ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕ ꯌꯨꯔꯣꯄꯤꯌꯟ ꯕꯦꯠ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯗ ꯊꯝꯂꯕ ꯁꯦꯜꯒꯤ −1/37꯫ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯄꯥꯕꯤꯌꯨ →” ꯍꯥꯌꯕ ꯋꯥꯍꯩ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅ ꯍꯥꯌꯕ ꯗꯤꯂꯔ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅ ꯍꯪꯕ ꯐꯪꯕ ꯃꯤ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅꯤ꯫
ꯁꯥꯟꯅꯔꯤꯕꯁꯤꯡꯅ ꯃꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯈꯅꯕꯒꯦ
ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯈꯟꯅꯕ ꯄꯥꯝꯕ ꯁꯥꯟꯅꯔꯤꯕꯁꯤꯡꯅ ꯃꯦꯒꯟꯕꯨ ꯈꯅꯏ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯈꯟꯅꯔꯒ ꯆꯠꯂꯛꯏ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯇꯦꯕꯜꯗ ꯗꯦꯃꯣ ꯒꯦꯃꯗ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯕ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯣꯞ-ꯋꯤꯟꯊꯧꯔꯥꯡꯁ꯭ꯇꯣꯞ-ꯋꯤꯟꯃꯃꯥꯡꯗ ꯂꯦꯞꯂꯕ ꯀꯥꯟꯅꯕ ꯁꯦꯜꯒꯤ ꯄꯥꯟꯗꯝ, ꯃꯗꯨ ꯌꯧꯔꯕꯗꯤ ꯁꯦꯁꯟ ꯂꯣꯏꯁꯤꯜꯂꯤ꯫ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯄꯥꯕꯤꯌꯨ → ꯅꯤꯌꯝꯁꯤꯡ ꯆꯂꯥꯏ꯫


ꯑꯦꯂꯣꯏꯖ
ꯁꯃ ꯃꯆꯨ ꯑꯉꯥꯡꯕ · ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯟꯗ-ꯑꯞ ꯀꯃꯤꯛ · ꯃꯁꯥꯒꯤ ꯋꯥꯍꯩ ꯁꯥꯟꯅꯕꯗ ꯃꯁꯥꯃꯛ ꯅꯣꯛꯏ
ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯟꯗ-ꯑꯞ ꯀꯃꯤꯛ꯫ ꯋꯥꯍꯩ ꯁꯥꯟꯅꯕꯗ ꯃꯁꯥꯃꯛ ꯅꯣꯛꯏ, ꯇꯦꯕꯜ ꯑꯃꯕꯨ ꯅꯨꯃꯤꯗꯥꯡ ꯅꯨꯡꯊꯤꯂꯒꯤ ꯁꯣ ꯑꯃꯒꯨꯝꯅ ꯆꯂꯥꯏ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯖꯤꯔꯣ ꯑꯃꯕꯨ ꯋꯥꯍꯩ ꯑꯃꯠꯇ ꯍꯥꯌꯗꯅ ꯀꯩꯗꯧꯉꯩꯗꯁꯨ ꯆꯠꯍꯟꯈꯤꯗꯦ꯫
ꯇꯦꯕꯜ ꯑꯁꯤꯗ ꯐꯝꯕꯤꯌꯨꯃꯍꯥꯛ ꯀꯗꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯀꯈꯤꯕꯅꯣ
ꯃꯦꯅꯆꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯔꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯄꯟ ꯃꯥꯏꯛꯁꯤꯡ, ꯑꯦꯗꯤꯟꯕꯔꯒꯗ ꯔꯦꯁꯤꯗꯦꯟꯁꯤ ꯑꯃꯥ, ꯁꯦꯜ ꯄꯤꯗꯕ ꯇꯨꯔ ꯑꯃꯥ, ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯥ ꯄꯦꯑꯥꯎꯠꯁꯦꯜꯄꯦꯑꯥꯎꯠꯃꯥꯏꯄꯥꯛꯄ ꯕꯦꯠ ꯑꯃꯅ ꯍꯜꯂꯛꯄ ꯁꯦꯜ, ꯍꯜꯂꯀꯄ ꯊꯝꯂꯕ ꯁꯦꯜꯒꯤ ꯃꯊꯛꯇ “X ꯗꯒꯤ 1” ꯍꯥꯌꯅ ꯍꯥꯌꯏ꯫ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯄꯥꯕꯤꯌꯨ → ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯇ ꯇꯧꯔꯤꯉꯩꯗ ꯐ꯭ꯂꯣꯔ ꯃꯦꯅꯦꯖꯔꯕꯨ ꯅꯣꯛꯍꯜꯂꯕ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯨꯗꯤꯑꯣꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯥ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯍꯧꯖꯤꯛꯁꯨ ꯅꯨꯃꯤꯠ ꯂꯦꯞꯄꯗ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯖꯗ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯇꯧꯏ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯆꯛꯔ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯍꯦꯟꯅ ꯐꯕ ꯋꯥꯐꯝꯅꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯏ꯫
ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯀꯔꯝꯅ ꯗꯤꯜ ꯇꯧꯕꯒꯦ
ꯊꯨꯅꯅ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯋꯥ ꯉꯥꯡꯗꯨꯅ꯫ ꯕꯣꯜꯈꯨꯠꯂꯥꯏꯕꯣꯜꯔꯣꯇꯔꯒꯤ ꯃꯥꯌꯣꯛꯇ ꯇ꯭ꯔꯦꯛꯇ ꯊꯥꯗꯣꯛꯄ ꯑꯄꯤꯛꯄ ꯕꯣꯜ꯫ ꯍꯧꯖꯤꯛꯀꯤ ꯕꯣꯜꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯥꯏꯚꯣꯔꯤꯟ ꯅꯠꯔꯒ ꯇꯦꯐ꯭ꯂꯣꯅꯅ ꯁꯦꯝꯃꯤ, 18–21 mm꯫ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯄꯥꯕꯤꯌꯨ → ꯑꯗꯨ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯞ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯍꯩ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯅꯣꯛꯅꯕꯒꯤ ꯍꯧꯔꯛꯄꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛ ꯆꯨꯃꯊꯣꯀꯏ ꯃꯔꯃꯗꯤ ꯃꯗꯨ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯏ: ꯑꯔꯥꯟꯕ ꯄꯦꯑꯥꯎꯠ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯐꯠꯇꯕ ꯅꯣꯛꯅꯕ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯒꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯇꯦꯕꯜ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯨꯗꯤꯑꯣꯒꯤ ꯊꯨꯅꯕꯗ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯀ꯭ꯂꯕꯀꯤ ꯊꯨꯅꯕꯗ ꯊꯝꯃꯤ꯫
ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯝꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯒꯦ
ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯝ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯃꯛ ꯂꯣꯏꯁꯤꯅꯕ ꯑꯋꯥꯠꯄ ꯅꯣꯛꯅꯕ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯥꯔꯇꯤꯟꯒꯦꯜꯒꯤꯊꯧꯔꯥꯡꯃꯥꯔꯇꯤꯟꯒꯦꯜꯃꯥꯏꯊꯤꯕ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗ ꯕꯦꯠ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯑꯅꯤ ꯊꯥꯛ ꯍꯦꯅꯒꯠꯍꯟꯕ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯒ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯟ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯇꯧꯕꯒꯦ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯇꯧꯗꯕꯒꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯕ ꯊꯧꯔꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯁꯦꯛꯁꯅꯗ ꯌꯦꯡꯕꯤꯌꯨ꯫ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯄꯥꯕꯤꯌꯨ → ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗ ꯃꯤꯅꯤꯠ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯆꯦꯠꯄ ꯅꯣꯛꯅꯕ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯩ (“ꯃꯁꯤ ꯂꯣꯏꯁꯤꯅꯕ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯗꯣꯂꯥꯔ ꯆꯥꯔꯨꯛ ꯀꯨꯟꯊꯔꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯕ ꯅꯣꯛꯅꯕ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ”) ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯖꯨꯌꯥ ꯁꯥꯟꯅꯔꯤꯕꯒꯤ ꯑꯔꯥꯟꯕ ꯋꯥꯈꯂꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗ ꯍꯦꯟꯅ ꯁꯥꯡꯕ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯩ, ꯃꯗꯨ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯗ ꯃꯊꯪꯒꯤ ꯁ꯭ꯄꯤꯟꯅ ꯀꯔꯤꯁꯨ ꯀꯥꯑꯣꯊꯣꯛꯂꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗ ꯂꯣꯏꯁꯤꯜꯂꯤ꯫
ꯁꯥꯟꯅꯔꯤꯕꯁꯤꯡꯅ ꯃꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯈꯅꯕꯒꯦ
ꯃꯔꯃꯗꯤ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯐꯦꯁꯅꯦꯜ ꯑꯃꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅ ꯃꯥꯏꯊꯤꯕ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯍꯦꯟꯅ ꯅꯣꯛꯅꯤꯡꯉꯥꯏ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯇꯦꯕꯜꯁꯤꯡꯗ ꯁ꯭ꯄꯤꯟ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯗ ꯅꯣꯛꯄ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯃꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ, ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛꯒꯨꯝꯅ, ꯄꯣꯀꯦꯠꯒꯤꯈꯨꯠꯂꯥꯏꯄꯣꯀꯦꯠꯔꯣꯇꯔꯗ ꯂꯩꯕ ꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯏꯔꯕ ꯀꯣꯠ 37 ꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗ ꯑꯃꯥ꯫ ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄ ꯃꯃꯤꯡ: ꯁ꯭ꯂꯣꯠ, ꯀꯞ꯫ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯄꯥꯕꯤꯌꯨ → ꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯩ꯫


ꯕ꯭ꯔꯤꯛ
ꯃꯄꯥꯡꯒꯜ ꯀꯟꯕ · ꯆꯤꯞꯁꯤꯡ ꯔꯦꯞ ꯑꯣꯏꯅ ꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯊꯤꯜꯂꯤ · ꯌꯥꯝꯅ ꯊꯧꯅꯥ ꯄꯤꯕ
ꯆꯤꯞꯁꯤꯡ ꯔꯦꯞ ꯑꯣꯏꯅ ꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯊꯤꯜꯂꯤ, ꯖꯤꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯞ ꯑꯃꯒꯨꯝꯅ ꯁꯥꯟꯅꯔꯤꯕꯁꯤꯡꯕꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯜꯂꯤ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯊꯤꯕꯅ ꯊꯥꯖꯕꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯦꯟꯅ ꯅꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ ꯊꯥꯖꯩ꯫
ꯇꯦꯕꯜ ꯑꯁꯤꯗ ꯐꯝꯕꯤꯌꯨꯃꯍꯥꯛ ꯀꯗꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯀꯈꯤꯕꯅꯣ
ꯄꯔꯊꯇ ꯂꯩꯕ ꯖꯤꯝ ꯑꯃꯗꯒꯤ, ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗ ꯃꯤꯠꯌꯦꯡ ꯆꯪꯕ ꯗꯤꯂꯔ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕ ꯀ꯭ꯔꯨꯖ-ꯖꯥꯍꯥꯖꯒꯤ ꯀꯦꯁꯤꯅꯣ ꯑꯃꯗ, ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯥ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯝ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯐꯥꯍꯟꯕꯗ ꯅꯨꯡꯉꯥꯏꯕ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯨꯗꯤꯑꯣ ꯑꯃꯗ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯍꯧꯖꯤꯛꯁꯨ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯂꯩꯇꯕ ꯅꯨꯃꯤꯠꯁꯤꯡꯗ ꯀꯣꯆꯤꯡ ꯇꯧꯏ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯗꯣꯂꯤꯈꯨꯠꯂꯥꯏꯗꯣꯂꯤꯕꯦꯠꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯁꯦꯜ ꯄꯤꯔꯤꯉꯩꯗ ꯂꯦꯑꯥꯎꯠꯇ ꯃꯥꯏꯄꯥꯛꯄ ꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨꯗ ꯊꯝꯕ ꯈꯣꯃꯖꯤꯟꯕꯒꯤ ꯄꯣꯠ꯫ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯄꯥꯕꯤꯌꯨ → ꯊꯝꯕꯗ ꯔꯦꯞ ꯑꯃꯒꯨꯝꯅ ꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯊꯤꯗꯨꯅ ꯍꯟꯊꯍꯟꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯩ꯫
ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯀꯔꯝꯅ ꯗꯤꯜ ꯇꯧꯕꯒꯦ
ꯑꯆꯧꯕ ꯆꯠꯅꯕꯤꯁꯤꯡ, ꯃꯌꯦꯛ ꯁꯦꯡꯕ ꯀꯧꯔꯣꯜ, ꯕꯥꯔ ꯑꯃꯗ ꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠꯁꯤꯡ ꯊꯃꯖꯤꯟꯕꯒꯨꯝꯅ ꯊꯃꯖꯤꯜꯂꯕ ꯄꯦꯑꯥꯎꯠꯁꯦꯜꯄꯦꯑꯥꯎꯠꯃꯥꯏꯄꯥꯛꯄ ꯕꯦꯠ ꯑꯃꯅ ꯍꯜꯂꯛꯄ ꯁꯦꯜ, ꯍꯜꯂꯀꯄ ꯊꯝꯂꯕ ꯁꯦꯜꯒꯤ ꯃꯊꯛꯇ “X ꯗꯒꯤ 1” ꯍꯥꯌꯅ ꯍꯥꯌꯏ꯫ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯄꯥꯕꯤꯌꯨ →꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯕꯦꯠ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯃꯛ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯥꯏꯊꯤꯕ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯃꯛꯇ ꯊꯧꯅꯥ ꯄꯤꯔꯤ (“ꯐꯕ ꯁꯦꯠ, ꯀꯣꯌꯊꯣꯛꯂꯨ”) ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯍꯥꯅꯕ ꯁ꯭ꯄꯤꯟꯒꯤ ꯃꯃꯥꯡꯗ ꯑꯅꯧꯕ ꯁꯥꯟꯅꯔꯤꯕ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯃꯛꯇ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯕꯖꯦꯠ ꯀꯌꯥꯅꯣ ꯍꯥꯌꯅ ꯍꯪꯏ꯫ ꯂꯩꯇ꯭ꯔꯕꯗꯤ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯄꯥꯎꯇꯥꯛ ꯄꯤꯏ꯫
ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯝꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯒꯦ
ꯆꯛꯔ ꯑꯃꯗ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯒ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯤꯚ ꯑꯣꯚꯔꯂꯣꯗ ꯇꯧꯕ ꯉꯃꯗꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯅ: ꯔꯦꯖꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯟꯁ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯍꯣꯡꯂꯛꯇꯦ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯃꯥꯔꯇꯤꯟꯒꯦꯜꯕꯨꯊꯧꯔꯥꯡꯃꯥꯔꯇꯤꯟꯒꯦꯜꯃꯥꯏꯊꯤꯕ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗ ꯕꯦꯠ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯑꯅꯤ ꯊꯥꯛ ꯍꯦꯅꯒꯠꯍꯟꯕ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯒ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯟ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯇꯧꯕꯒꯦ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯇꯧꯗꯕꯒꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯕ ꯊꯧꯔꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯁꯦꯛꯁꯅꯗ ꯌꯦꯡꯕꯤꯌꯨ꯫ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯄꯥꯕꯤꯌꯨ → ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯛꯄ ꯉꯃꯗꯕ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯃꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗ ꯑꯔꯨꯝꯕ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯗꯕꯜ ꯇꯧꯕꯒꯨꯝꯅ ꯁꯟꯗꯣꯛꯂꯒ ꯃꯗꯨ ꯀꯔꯝꯅ ꯆꯠꯀꯅꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯅ ꯍꯪꯏ꯫ ꯐ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ ꯕꯦꯇꯤꯡꯒꯤꯊꯧꯔꯥꯡꯐ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ ꯕꯦꯇꯤꯡꯁ꯭ꯄꯤꯟ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯗ ꯁꯦꯜ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯕ ꯊꯝꯕ꯫ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯒ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯟ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯃꯛ ꯆꯥꯡꯗꯝꯅꯕ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕ ꯃꯈꯥꯌꯣꯜꯅꯤ꯫ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯄꯥꯕꯤꯌꯨ → ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯗꯤ ꯃꯍꯥꯛ ꯍꯦꯟꯅ ꯅꯨꯡꯁꯤꯅ ꯋꯥ ꯉꯥꯡꯏ, ꯃꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ “ꯃꯦꯟꯇꯦꯅꯦꯟꯁ” ꯀꯧꯏ꯫
ꯁꯥꯟꯅꯔꯤꯕꯁꯤꯡꯅ ꯃꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯈꯅꯕꯒꯦ
ꯃꯔꯃꯗꯤ ꯃꯥꯏꯊꯤꯕ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯥꯏꯊꯤꯕ ꯑꯃꯒꯨꯝ ꯅꯠꯇꯅ ꯋꯔꯀꯑꯥꯎꯠ ꯑꯃꯒꯨꯝ ꯐꯥꯑꯣꯏ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯇꯦꯕꯜꯁꯤꯡꯗ ꯑꯍꯥꯅꯕ ꯁ꯭ꯄꯤꯟꯒꯤ ꯃꯃꯥꯡꯗ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯣꯞ-ꯂꯣꯁꯊꯧꯔꯥꯡꯁ꯭ꯇꯣꯞ-ꯂꯣꯁꯃꯃꯥꯡꯗ ꯂꯦꯞꯂꯕ ꯃꯥꯡꯈꯤꯕ ꯁꯦꯜ, ꯃꯗꯨ ꯌꯧꯔꯕꯗꯤ ꯁꯦꯁꯟ ꯂꯣꯏꯁꯤꯜꯂꯤ꯫ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯄꯥꯕꯤꯌꯨ → ꯊꯝꯕ ꯁꯥꯟꯅꯔꯤꯕꯁꯤꯡ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯃꯤ꯫


ꯇꯤꯃꯤ
ꯇꯝꯂꯤꯕ ꯃꯤ · ꯑꯍꯥꯅꯕ ꯅꯨꯃꯤꯠ ꯇꯔꯦꯠ · ꯆꯥꯟꯅꯕꯤꯗꯨꯅ ꯅꯨꯡꯁꯤꯅ ꯂꯧꯕꯤꯌꯨ
ꯇꯝꯂꯤꯕ ꯃꯤ꯫ ꯂꯥꯏꯕ ꯆꯛꯔ ꯑꯃꯗ ꯑꯍꯥꯅꯕ ꯅꯨꯃꯤꯠ ꯇꯔꯦꯠ, ꯍꯧꯖꯤꯛꯁꯨ ꯄꯦꯑꯥꯎꯠꯁꯤꯡ ꯈꯨꯠꯁꯥꯒꯤ ꯃꯁꯥꯅ ꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯊꯤꯔꯤ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯍꯧꯖꯤꯛ ꯐꯥꯎꯕ ꯋꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯇꯃꯗ꯭ꯔꯤꯕꯅꯥ ꯁꯥꯏꯠ ꯑꯁꯤꯗ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯑꯆꯨꯝꯕ ꯍꯥꯌꯕ ꯗꯤꯂꯔꯅꯤ꯫
ꯇꯦꯕꯜ ꯑꯁꯤꯗ ꯐꯝꯕꯤꯌꯨꯃꯍꯥꯛ ꯀꯗꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯀꯈꯤꯕꯅꯣ
ꯍꯞꯇꯥ ꯇꯔꯥꯅꯤꯊꯣꯏꯒꯤ ꯀꯣꯔꯁ ꯑꯃꯗꯒꯤ (“ꯔꯨꯂꯦꯠ ꯗꯤꯂꯔꯒꯤ ꯇ꯭ꯔꯦꯅꯤꯡ” ꯄꯦꯖꯗ ꯁꯟꯗꯣꯛꯂꯕ ꯑꯗꯨ), ꯖꯤꯔꯣꯗꯆꯛꯔꯖꯤꯔꯣꯆꯞ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯕ, ꯗꯖꯟ ꯅꯠꯔꯒ ꯀꯂꯝ ꯕꯦꯠ ꯑꯃꯠꯇꯅ ꯀꯨꯞꯇꯕ ꯑꯁꯪꯕ ꯄꯣꯀꯦꯠ ꯑꯃꯈꯛꯇ; ꯍꯥꯎꯁ ꯑꯦꯖꯀꯤ ꯍꯧꯔꯀꯐꯝꯅꯤ꯫ ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄ ꯃꯃꯤꯡ: ꯁꯤꯡꯒꯜ ꯖꯤꯔꯣ, 0꯫ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯄꯥꯕꯤꯌꯨ → ꯂꯥꯛꯇꯨꯅ ꯂꯦꯞꯈꯤꯕ ꯒ꯭ꯔꯦꯖꯨꯌꯦꯁꯅꯒꯤ ꯁ꯭ꯄꯤꯟ ꯑꯃꯗꯒꯤ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯥꯟꯅꯔꯤꯕꯁꯤꯡꯅ ꯊꯧꯖꯥꯜ ꯄꯤꯕꯅꯥ ꯃꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ ꯗꯦꯃꯣ ꯇꯦꯕꯜꯗ ꯊꯃꯈꯤꯕ ꯁꯨꯄꯔꯚꯥꯏꯖꯔ ꯑꯃꯗꯒꯤ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯊꯥꯗꯣꯛꯄ ꯍꯣꯡꯗꯣꯛ-ꯍꯣꯡꯗꯣꯛ ꯇꯧꯕ ꯇꯃꯔꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯈꯔꯗ ꯍꯧꯖꯤꯛꯁꯨ ꯁ꯭ꯞꯂꯤꯠꯕꯦꯠꯁ꯭ꯞꯂꯤꯠꯌꯨꯝꯂꯣꯟꯅꯕ ꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯅꯤ, 17:1 ꯄꯦꯑꯥꯎꯠ꯫ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯄꯥꯕꯤꯌꯨ → ꯑꯃꯕꯨ ꯁ꯭ꯇ꯭ꯔꯤꯠꯕꯦꯠꯁ꯭ꯇ꯭ꯔꯤꯠꯂꯦꯑꯥꯎꯠꯀꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯟ ꯑꯃꯗ ꯂꯩꯕ ꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯍꯨꯝ, 11:1 ꯄꯦꯑꯥꯎꯠ꯫ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯟꯆ: ꯇ꯭ꯔꯥꯟꯁꯚꯔꯁꯥꯜ꯫ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯄꯥꯕꯤꯌꯨ → ꯑꯣꯏꯅ ꯄꯥꯏ꯫
ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯀꯔꯝꯅ ꯗꯤꯜ ꯇꯧꯕꯒꯦ
ꯆꯦꯀꯁꯤꯟꯅ꯫ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯨꯗꯤꯑꯣꯒꯤ ꯊꯨꯅꯕꯗꯒꯤ ꯇꯞꯅ, $15 ꯆꯤꯞꯁꯦꯜꯆꯤꯞꯂꯦꯞꯂꯕ ꯁꯦꯜꯒꯤ ꯃꯃꯜ ꯇꯥꯛꯄ ꯇꯣꯀꯟ, ꯕꯦꯠ ꯊꯝꯅꯕ ꯂꯦꯑꯥꯎꯠꯇ ꯊꯝꯃꯤ꯫ ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄ ꯃꯃꯤꯡ: ꯆꯦꯛ꯫ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯄꯥꯕꯤꯌꯨ → ꯑꯃꯗ 35:1 ꯈꯟꯅꯔꯤꯉꯩꯗ ꯎꯕ ꯌꯥꯕ ꯂꯦꯞꯄ ꯑꯃꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯃꯍꯩꯁꯤꯡ ꯃꯌꯦꯛ ꯁꯦꯡꯅ ꯂꯥꯑꯣꯊꯣꯀꯏ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯍꯩ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯖꯤꯔꯣ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯀꯄꯗ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯈꯔꯗ “ꯊꯧꯖꯥꯜ ꯍꯩꯖꯔꯤ” ꯍꯥꯄꯆꯤꯜꯂꯤ, ꯃꯁꯤ ꯄꯤꯠ ꯕꯣꯁꯅ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯇꯒꯤ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯛꯅꯕ ꯍꯣꯠꯅꯔꯤ ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯁꯥꯟꯅꯔꯤꯕꯁꯤꯡꯅ ꯊꯃꯖꯤꯟꯅꯕ ꯍꯥꯌꯖꯈꯤ꯫
ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯝꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯒꯦ
ꯃꯈꯣꯌ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯇꯧꯗꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯅ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯇ ꯍꯥꯌꯈ꯭ꯔꯦ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯊꯥꯖꯕ ꯊꯃꯗꯨꯅ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯤ, ꯃꯥꯔꯇꯤꯟꯒꯦꯜꯊꯧꯔꯥꯡꯃꯥꯔꯇꯤꯟꯒꯦꯜꯃꯥꯏꯊꯤꯕ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗ ꯕꯦꯠ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯑꯅꯤ ꯊꯥꯛ ꯍꯦꯅꯒꯠꯍꯟꯕ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯒ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯟ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯇꯧꯕꯒꯦ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯇꯧꯗꯕꯒꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯕ ꯊꯧꯔꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯁꯦꯛꯁꯅꯗ ꯌꯦꯡꯕꯤꯌꯨ꯫ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯄꯥꯕꯤꯌꯨ → ꯑꯃꯥ ꯁꯣꯛꯄ ꯃꯁꯥꯃꯛꯅ ꯍꯧꯖꯤꯛ ꯐꯥꯎꯕ ꯎꯗ꯭ꯔꯤꯕ ꯃꯤ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯆꯤꯡꯅꯕꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯑꯅꯤꯁꯨꯕ ꯍꯞꯇꯥ ꯂꯣꯏꯔꯕꯗ ꯎꯒꯅꯤ꯫ ꯁꯦꯁꯟ ꯆꯠꯂꯀꯄꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯋꯥꯍꯩꯁꯤꯡ ꯍꯣꯡꯏ: ꯃꯍꯥꯛ ꯍꯦꯟꯅ ꯆꯦꯠꯂꯛꯏ, ꯃꯦꯊꯃꯦꯇꯤꯛꯁꯁꯨ ꯑꯗꯨꯃꯛ꯫
ꯁꯥꯟꯅꯔꯤꯕꯁꯤꯡꯅ ꯃꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯈꯅꯕꯒꯦ
ꯃꯔꯃꯗꯤ ꯃꯤ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯃꯛ ꯑꯃꯨꯛ ꯑꯅꯧꯕ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯝꯃꯤ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯇꯦꯕꯜꯗ ꯁꯥꯏꯠ ꯑꯁꯤꯗ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯅꯨꯡꯁꯤꯕ ꯆꯦꯠ ꯂꯩ, ꯑꯌꯥꯝꯕ ꯃꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ ꯊꯧꯅꯥ ꯄꯤꯔꯤꯕ ꯁꯥꯟꯅꯔꯤꯕꯁꯤꯡꯗꯒꯤ꯫


ꯑꯦꯂꯤꯁ
ꯈꯪꯅꯤꯡꯕ ꯌꯥꯝꯕ · ꯔꯦꯕꯤꯠ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡ ꯏꯟꯅꯔꯒ ꯆꯛꯔꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯥꯛꯇ ꯂꯥꯛꯇꯨꯅ ꯂꯦꯞꯈꯤ
ꯔꯦꯕꯤꯠꯀꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯎꯞ ꯑꯃꯗ ꯇꯥꯗꯨꯅ ꯆꯛꯔ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯥꯛꯇ ꯂꯥꯛꯈꯤ, ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯧꯖꯤꯛ ꯐꯥꯎꯕ ꯃꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗ ꯌꯥꯝꯅ ꯐꯕ ꯋꯥꯍꯪꯁꯤꯡ ꯍꯪꯂꯤ꯫
ꯇꯦꯕꯜ ꯑꯁꯤꯗ ꯐꯝꯕꯤꯌꯨꯃꯍꯥꯛ ꯀꯗꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯀꯈꯤꯕꯅꯣ
ꯊꯣꯡ ꯌꯥꯝꯅ ꯂꯩꯕ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯃꯗꯒꯤ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛ ꯇ꯭ꯔꯦꯅꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯠꯇ ꯂꯩꯇꯅ ꯗꯦꯃꯣ ꯇꯦꯕꯜꯗ ꯂꯥꯀꯈꯤ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯅꯤꯌꯝꯁꯤꯡ ꯃꯤꯅ ꯄꯥꯝꯖꯕꯒꯨꯝꯅ ꯁꯦꯃꯈꯤꯕꯅꯣ (ꯆꯛꯔꯗ ꯃꯁꯤꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯩꯕꯒꯤ ꯊꯥꯛ, ꯃꯆꯨꯁꯤꯡ) ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯊꯤꯕꯒꯤ ꯊꯧꯗꯣꯛꯅꯣ (ꯄꯦꯑꯥꯎꯠꯁꯤꯡꯁꯦꯜꯄꯦꯑꯥꯎꯠꯃꯥꯏꯄꯥꯛꯄ ꯕꯦꯠ ꯑꯃꯅ ꯍꯜꯂꯛꯄ ꯁꯦꯜ, ꯍꯜꯂꯀꯄ ꯊꯝꯂꯕ ꯁꯦꯜꯒꯤ ꯃꯊꯛꯇ “X ꯗꯒꯤ 1” ꯍꯥꯌꯅ ꯍꯥꯌꯏ꯫ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯄꯥꯕꯤꯌꯨ →, ꯑꯦꯖ) ꯍꯥꯌꯕ ꯈꯪꯅꯕꯒꯤ ꯈꯦꯟꯅꯕ ꯇꯥꯂꯦꯟꯠ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯄꯨꯔꯛꯈꯤ꯫ ꯍꯧꯖꯤꯛ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯃꯇꯤꯛ ꯆꯥꯅ ꯗꯤꯜ ꯇꯧꯏ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯍꯧꯖꯤꯛꯁꯨ ꯋꯥꯍꯪ ꯍꯪꯂꯤ꯫
ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯀꯔꯝꯅ ꯗꯤꯜ ꯇꯧꯕꯒꯦ
ꯆꯨꯝꯅ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯋꯥꯍꯪꯒꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡꯗ ꯂꯦꯞꯄ ꯂꯩꯇꯅ ꯋꯥ ꯉꯥꯡꯗꯨꯅ꯫ “ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯑꯉꯥꯡꯕꯕꯦꯠꯑꯉꯥꯡꯕꯑꯉꯥꯡꯕ ꯃꯁꯤꯡ 18 ꯗ ꯊꯝꯕ ꯆꯞ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯕ ꯕꯦꯠ꯫ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯟꯆ: ꯔꯨꯖ꯫ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯄꯥꯕꯤꯌꯨ → ꯄꯥꯝꯕꯒꯦ?” ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯦꯟꯅ ꯍꯥꯌꯕ ꯋꯥꯍꯩꯅꯤ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯄꯥꯎꯈꯨꯝ ꯑꯆꯨꯝꯕ ꯄꯤꯕ ꯁꯥꯟꯅꯔꯤꯕꯁꯤꯡꯅ ꯍꯦꯟꯅ ꯅꯦꯝꯅ ꯕꯦꯠ ꯊꯝꯕ ꯍꯩ꯫ ꯕꯣꯜ ꯊꯥꯗꯣꯛꯂꯕ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗ ꯈꯨꯠ ꯊꯥꯗꯕꯒꯤ ꯅꯤꯌꯝ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯌꯥꯝꯅ ꯆꯦꯀꯁꯤꯟꯅ ꯉꯥꯛꯏ, ꯃꯔꯃꯗꯤ ꯃꯗꯨ ꯉꯥꯛꯇ꯭ꯔꯕꯗꯤ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯊꯣꯛꯀꯅꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯅ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯍꯪꯂꯝꯃꯤ꯫
ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯝꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯒꯦ
ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯅ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯍꯣꯡꯗꯣꯀꯄꯒꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯅ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯍꯪꯏ꯫ ꯊꯝꯂꯕ ꯁꯦꯜ, ꯁꯥꯟꯅꯔꯤꯕꯅ ꯍꯥꯌꯏ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯥ ꯄꯣꯀꯦꯠꯁꯤꯡꯈꯨꯠꯂꯥꯏꯄꯣꯀꯦꯠꯔꯣꯇꯔꯗ ꯂꯩꯕ ꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯏꯔꯕ ꯀꯣꯠ 37 ꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗ ꯑꯃꯥ꯫ ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄ ꯃꯃꯤꯡ: ꯁ꯭ꯂꯣꯠ, ꯀꯞ꯫ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯄꯥꯕꯤꯌꯨ →? ꯅꯠꯇꯦ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯃꯁꯤꯅ ꯅꯍꯥꯛ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯃꯥꯡꯒꯅꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨ ꯍꯣꯡꯗꯣꯀꯏ, ꯃꯥꯡꯒꯅꯤ ꯅꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯃꯥꯡꯔꯣꯏ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨ ꯅꯠꯇꯦ꯫ ꯊꯣꯔꯞꯀꯤ 1969ꯒꯤ ꯄꯦꯄꯔꯒꯤ ꯂꯣꯏꯁꯤꯅꯕꯗ ꯃꯍꯥꯛ ꯋꯥꯍꯪ ꯑꯍꯨꯝ ꯍꯪꯗꯨꯅ ꯌꯧꯏ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯗꯨꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯄꯦꯄꯔ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯈꯤꯕꯗ ꯃꯍꯥꯛ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯑꯉꯛꯄ ꯐꯥꯎꯏ꯫
ꯁꯥꯟꯅꯔꯤꯕꯁꯤꯡꯅ ꯃꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯈꯅꯕꯒꯦ
ꯃꯔꯃꯗꯤ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯋꯥꯍꯪꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯍꯪꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯇꯦꯕꯜꯅ ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄ ꯇꯦꯕꯜ ꯑꯃꯠꯇꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯦꯟꯅ ꯁꯥꯟꯅꯔꯤꯕꯁꯤꯡ “ꯔꯨꯂꯦꯠꯀꯤ ꯃꯦꯊꯃꯦꯇꯤꯛꯁ” ꯁꯦꯛꯁꯟꯗ ꯊꯥꯏ꯫


ꯁꯥꯟꯇꯥ
ꯀꯨꯍꯨꯃꯗ ꯑꯃꯨꯛ ꯂꯥꯛꯄ · ꯄꯔꯤꯡ ꯌꯦꯡꯏ, ꯆꯛꯔ ꯀꯣꯏꯍꯟꯏ
ꯃꯇꯝ ꯈꯔꯗ ꯂꯥꯀꯄ꯫ ꯄꯔꯤꯡ ꯌꯦꯡꯏ, ꯆꯛꯔ ꯀꯣꯏꯍꯜꯂꯤ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯆꯍꯤ ꯑꯁꯤꯗ ꯀꯅꯥ ꯁꯥꯟꯅꯔꯤꯕꯁꯤꯡꯅ ꯃꯥꯡꯈꯤꯕ ꯁꯦꯜ ꯍꯟꯅꯥ ꯐꯪꯅꯕ ꯍꯣꯠꯅꯔꯤꯕꯅꯣ ꯆꯨꯝꯅ ꯈꯡꯏ꯫
ꯇꯦꯕꯜ ꯑꯁꯤꯗ ꯐꯝꯕꯤꯌꯨꯃꯍꯥꯛ ꯀꯗꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯀꯈꯤꯕꯅꯣ
ꯃꯇꯝ ꯈꯔꯗ ꯅꯣꯔꯊ ꯄꯣꯂꯗꯒꯤ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯃꯥꯡꯗ ꯃꯣꯟꯇꯦ ꯀꯥꯔꯂꯣꯒꯤ ꯅꯤꯡꯊꯝꯊꯥꯒꯤ ꯇꯦꯕꯜ ꯑꯃꯗꯒꯤ, ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯗ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯄꯨꯝꯕꯗ ꯂꯥꯛꯂꯤꯕꯁꯤꯡꯅ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯥꯠ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯀꯦꯁꯤꯅꯣꯗ ꯄꯤꯕ ꯈꯨꯗꯣꯂꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯗꯨꯅ ꯃꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ ꯄꯦꯔ ꯅꯣꯌꯦꯜ ꯀꯧꯔꯝꯃꯤ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯟꯆ ꯇꯦꯕꯜꯗ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯟꯆ ꯂꯣꯜ ꯉꯥꯡꯏ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯂꯥ ꯄꯥꯔꯇꯥꯖꯕꯨꯅꯤꯌꯝꯂꯥ ꯄꯥꯔꯇꯥꯖꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯟꯆ ꯅꯤꯌꯝ: ꯖꯤꯔꯣ ꯊꯣꯛꯂꯕꯗꯤ ꯆꯞ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯕ ꯕꯦꯠꯀꯤ ꯊꯝꯂꯕ ꯁꯦꯜꯒꯤ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯑꯍꯦꯟꯕ ꯍꯜꯂꯀꯏ꯫ ꯕꯦꯠ ꯑꯗꯨꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯍꯥꯎꯁ ꯑꯦꯖ 1.35% ꯐꯥꯑꯣꯕ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯑꯅꯤꯗ ꯊꯥꯖꯤꯜꯂꯤ꯫ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯄꯥꯕꯤꯌꯨ → “ꯑꯌꯥꯡꯕ ꯍꯜꯂꯛꯏ, ꯃꯔꯃꯗꯤ ꯀ꯭ꯔꯤꯁ꯭ꯃꯁꯅꯤ” ꯍꯥꯌꯅ ꯁꯟꯗꯣꯛꯅꯕ ꯀꯟꯅ ꯍꯥꯌꯏ꯫
ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯀꯔꯝꯅ ꯗꯤꯜ ꯇꯧꯕꯒꯦ
ꯃꯑꯣꯡꯗꯗꯤ ꯊꯃꯣꯏ ꯆꯥꯎꯅ꯫ ꯄꯦꯑꯥꯎꯠꯁꯤꯡꯁꯦꯜꯄꯦꯑꯥꯎꯠꯃꯥꯏꯄꯥꯛꯄ ꯕꯦꯠ ꯑꯃꯅ ꯍꯜꯂꯛꯄ ꯁꯦꯜ, ꯍꯜꯂꯀꯄ ꯊꯝꯂꯕ ꯁꯦꯜꯒꯤ ꯃꯊꯛꯇ “X ꯗꯒꯤ 1” ꯍꯥꯌꯅ ꯍꯥꯌꯏ꯫ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯄꯥꯕꯤꯌꯨ → ꯆꯨꯃꯊꯣꯀꯏ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯆꯦꯠ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯄꯔꯤꯡꯁꯤꯡꯅ ꯊꯜꯂꯤ: ꯀꯅꯥꯅ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯣꯞ-ꯂꯣꯁꯊꯧꯔꯥꯡꯁ꯭ꯇꯣꯞ-ꯂꯣꯁꯃꯃꯥꯡꯗ ꯂꯦꯞꯂꯕ ꯃꯥꯡꯈꯤꯕ ꯁꯦꯜ, ꯃꯗꯨ ꯌꯧꯔꯕꯗꯤ ꯁꯦꯁꯟ ꯂꯣꯏꯁꯤꯜꯂꯤ꯫ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯄꯥꯕꯤꯌꯨ → ꯊꯝꯂꯕꯅꯣ (ꯐꯕ), ꯀꯅꯥꯅ ꯑꯃꯨꯛ ꯃꯔꯤ ꯗꯕꯜ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯅꯣ (ꯐꯠꯇꯕ)꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯕꯦꯡꯀꯔꯣꯜꯁꯦꯜꯕꯦꯡꯀꯔꯣꯜꯁꯥꯟꯅꯅꯕ ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯟꯅ ꯊꯝꯂꯕ ꯁꯦꯜ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛ꯫ ꯕꯦꯡꯀꯔꯣꯜ ꯃꯦꯅꯦꯖꯃꯦꯟꯠ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯃꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯕꯦꯠ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯗ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯦꯁꯟ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯗ ꯈꯨꯗꯣꯡꯊꯤꯕꯗ ꯊꯃꯒꯗꯒꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯕ ꯋꯥꯔꯦꯞ ꯂꯧꯕꯅꯤ꯫ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯄꯥꯕꯤꯌꯨ → ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁ꯭ꯄꯤꯟꯒꯤ ꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯈꯡꯏ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯁꯥꯡꯔꯀꯄꯗ ꯑꯅꯤꯃꯛ ꯍꯥꯌꯏ꯫
ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯝꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯒꯦ
ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤꯁꯨ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯄꯔꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯩ꯫ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯃꯛ ꯐꯠꯇꯕ ꯍꯥꯌꯅ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯊꯝꯂꯦ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯃꯁꯤꯗ ꯅꯨꯡꯁꯤꯏ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯌꯦꯛ ꯁꯦꯡꯏ: ꯃꯥꯔꯇꯤꯟꯒꯦꯜꯊꯧꯔꯥꯡꯃꯥꯔꯇꯤꯟꯒꯦꯜꯃꯥꯏꯊꯤꯕ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗ ꯕꯦꯠ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯑꯅꯤ ꯊꯥꯛ ꯍꯦꯅꯒꯠꯍꯟꯕ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯒ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯟ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯇꯧꯕꯒꯦ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯇꯧꯗꯕꯒꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯕ ꯊꯧꯔꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯁꯦꯛꯁꯅꯗ ꯌꯦꯡꯕꯤꯌꯨ꯫ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯄꯥꯕꯤꯌꯨ → ꯑꯁꯤ ꯇꯔꯨꯛꯁꯨꯕ ꯃꯥꯏꯊꯤꯕꯗ ꯇꯧꯕ ꯊꯕꯛꯀꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯄꯔꯤꯡꯗ ꯂꯩ, ꯗꯥꯂꯥꯝꯕꯦꯌꯔ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯅꯨꯃꯤꯗꯥꯡ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗ ꯇꯧꯕ ꯊꯕꯛꯀꯤꯗꯃꯛ꯫ ꯕꯖꯦꯠꯀꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯕ ꯐ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ ꯕꯦꯇꯤꯡꯊꯧꯔꯥꯡꯐ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ ꯕꯦꯇꯤꯡꯁ꯭ꯄꯤꯟ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯗ ꯁꯦꯜ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯕ ꯊꯝꯕ꯫ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯒ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯟ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯃꯛ ꯆꯥꯡꯗꯝꯅꯕ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕ ꯃꯈꯥꯌꯣꯜꯅꯤ꯫ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯄꯥꯕꯤꯌꯨ → ꯑꯁꯤ ꯐꯕ ꯃꯥꯏꯀꯩꯗ ꯂꯩꯕ ꯑꯃꯈꯛꯇꯅꯤ꯫
ꯁꯥꯟꯅꯔꯤꯕꯁꯤꯡꯅ ꯃꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯈꯅꯕꯒꯦ
ꯃꯔꯃꯗꯤ ꯑꯅꯧꯕ ꯆꯍꯤꯒꯤ ꯁ꯭ꯀꯤꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯁꯥꯟꯅꯕ ꯑꯁꯤꯗ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯐꯖꯕꯅꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯍꯥꯛ ꯂꯦꯞꯀꯗꯕ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯌꯧꯔꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯅ ꯈꯣꯟꯅ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯌꯥꯝꯅ ꯍꯥꯌꯕ ꯗꯤꯂꯔ ꯑꯃꯈꯛꯇꯅꯤ꯫


ꯁꯦꯃꯁ
ꯂꯦꯞꯔꯦꯀꯟ · ꯁꯅꯥꯒꯤ ꯆꯐꯨ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯉꯥꯛꯂꯤ, ꯃꯗꯨꯗ ꯕꯦꯠ ꯊꯝꯕ ꯌꯥꯗꯦ
ꯂꯦꯞꯔꯦꯀꯟ꯫ ꯁꯅꯥꯒꯤ ꯆꯐꯨ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯉꯥꯛꯂꯤ, ꯃꯗꯨꯗ ꯕꯦꯠ ꯊꯝꯕ ꯌꯥꯗꯦ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯂꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯋꯥꯈꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯃꯦꯊꯃꯦꯇꯤꯛꯁꯇꯒꯤ ꯍꯦꯟꯅ ꯆꯦꯠꯏ꯫
ꯇꯦꯕꯜ ꯑꯁꯤꯗ ꯐꯝꯕꯤꯌꯨꯃꯍꯥꯛ ꯀꯗꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯀꯈꯤꯕꯅꯣ
ꯆꯨꯔꯣꯏꯕꯒꯤ ꯂꯣꯏꯁꯤꯅꯐꯝꯗꯒꯤ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯃꯥꯡꯗ ꯃꯅꯥꯛꯇ ꯆꯛꯔ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯩꯕ ꯒꯣꯜꯋꯦꯒꯤ ꯕꯥꯔ ꯑꯃꯗꯒꯤ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯀ꯭ꯂꯣꯚꯔ ꯇꯦꯕꯜ ꯆꯂꯥꯏ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀ꯭ꯂꯣꯚꯔ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯁꯖꯥꯏꯕꯈꯛꯇꯅꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯏ: ꯃꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯤ, ꯐꯂ ꯖꯤꯔꯣ, ꯃꯤꯁꯤꯡꯅ ꯂꯥꯛꯀꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯀꯦꯁꯤꯅꯣꯗ ꯄꯨꯔꯀꯄ ꯑꯌꯥꯝꯕ ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯤꯡꯒꯨꯝꯅ꯫
ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯀꯔꯝꯅ ꯗꯤꯜ ꯇꯧꯕꯒꯦ
ꯊꯨꯅꯅ, ꯑꯥꯏꯔꯤꯁ ꯉꯥꯡꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯁꯅꯥ ꯀꯔꯝꯅ ꯐꯪꯈꯤꯕꯒꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯒꯤ ꯂꯦꯞꯄ ꯂꯩꯇꯕ ꯋꯥꯔꯤꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅ (ꯆꯛꯔ ꯑꯃꯗ ꯅꯠꯇꯦ, ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯆꯦꯠꯅ ꯍꯥꯌꯏ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀꯩꯗꯧꯉꯩꯗꯁꯨ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯣꯏ)꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯅꯨꯡꯉꯥꯏꯇꯕ ꯁꯥꯟꯅꯔꯤꯕꯁꯤꯡꯒꯥ ꯐꯖꯅ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯩ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯌꯧꯔꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯕ ꯀꯅꯥꯒꯨꯝꯕ ꯑꯃꯗ ꯃꯤꯅꯨꯡꯁꯤ ꯂꯩꯇꯦ꯫ ꯖꯤꯔꯣꯕꯨꯆꯛꯔꯖꯤꯔꯣꯆꯞ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯕ, ꯗꯖꯟ ꯅꯠꯔꯒ ꯀꯂꯝ ꯕꯦꯠ ꯑꯃꯠꯇꯅ ꯀꯨꯞꯇꯕ ꯑꯁꯪꯕ ꯄꯣꯀꯦꯠ ꯑꯃꯈꯛꯇ; ꯍꯥꯎꯁ ꯑꯦꯖꯀꯤ ꯍꯧꯔꯀꯐꯝꯅꯤ꯫ ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄ ꯃꯃꯤꯡ: ꯁꯤꯡꯒꯜ ꯖꯤꯔꯣ, 0꯫ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯄꯥꯕꯤꯌꯨ → ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯃꯤ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯃꯛꯇꯒꯤ ꯍꯨꯔꯥꯅꯕꯒꯤ ꯑꯄꯤꯛꯄ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯅ ꯂꯧꯏ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯥꯎꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯇꯧꯗꯨꯅ ꯂꯥꯑꯣꯊꯣꯀꯏ꯫
ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯝꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯒꯦ
ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯝ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯃꯛ ꯇꯥꯕ ꯐꯪꯂꯦ, ꯃꯇꯝ ꯄꯨꯝꯕꯗ ꯁꯅꯥꯒꯤ ꯆꯐꯨ ꯂꯩꯇꯕ ꯅꯨꯄꯥꯁꯤꯡꯗꯒꯤ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯔꯨꯂꯦꯠꯅ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯇ ꯎꯠꯈꯤꯕ ꯃꯔꯤ ꯑꯃꯈꯛꯇꯅꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯅ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯕꯖꯦꯠ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯂꯦꯞꯄ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯄꯥꯝꯃꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯍꯥꯌꯒꯅꯤ: ꯅꯨꯃꯤꯠ ꯑꯃꯗ ꯁ꯭ꯄꯤꯟ ꯖꯤꯔꯣ꯫
ꯁꯥꯟꯅꯔꯤꯕꯁꯤꯡꯅ ꯃꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯈꯅꯕꯒꯦ
ꯃꯔꯃꯗꯤ ꯀ꯭ꯂꯣꯚꯔ ꯁ꯭ꯀꯤꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯅꯨꯡꯉꯥꯏꯕꯅꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯂꯥꯛ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯄꯨꯗꯨꯅ ꯆꯠꯄ ꯌꯥꯕ ꯄꯣꯠ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯅ ꯂꯥꯟꯅ ꯂꯧꯗꯕ ꯗꯤꯂꯔ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯇꯦꯕꯜꯗ ꯑꯦꯂꯤꯁꯀꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯕ “ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯤ?” ꯋꯥꯍꯪꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯩ꯫


ꯌꯣꯁꯤ
ꯅꯤꯟꯖꯥ · ꯋꯥ ꯉꯥꯡꯗꯕ, ꯊꯨꯕ, ꯃꯉꯥꯟꯗꯒꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯕꯦꯠꯁꯤꯡ ꯋꯥꯌꯦꯜ ꯇꯧꯏ
ꯅꯤꯟꯖꯥ꯫ ꯋꯥ ꯉꯥꯡꯗꯕ, ꯊꯨꯕ, ꯃꯉꯥꯟꯗꯒꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯕꯦꯠꯁꯤꯡ ꯋꯥꯌꯦꯜ ꯇꯧꯏ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯆꯛꯔ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯌꯥꯝꯅ ꯊꯨꯅ ꯀꯣꯏꯍꯜꯂꯤ ꯃꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯄꯨꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯀꯗꯥꯏꯗ ꯆꯠꯈꯤꯕꯒꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯅ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯈꯟꯊꯒꯅꯤ꯫
ꯇꯦꯕꯜ ꯑꯁꯤꯗ ꯐꯝꯕꯤꯌꯨꯃꯍꯥꯛ ꯀꯗꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯀꯈꯤꯕꯅꯣ
ꯁ꯭ꯀꯤꯟꯅ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯤ ꯗꯣꯖꯣ ꯑꯃꯗꯒꯤ, ꯔꯤꯖ꯭ꯌꯨꯃꯦꯅ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯤ ꯁ꯭ꯄꯤꯗ-ꯔꯨꯂꯦꯠ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯨꯗꯤꯑꯣ ꯑꯃꯗꯒꯤ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯄꯨ ꯆꯦꯛꯀꯟꯗ 60ꯒꯤ ꯔꯥꯎꯟꯗꯁꯤꯡ ꯆꯂꯥꯏꯅꯕ ꯇ꯭ꯔꯦꯅꯤꯡ ꯄꯤꯈꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯃꯈꯣꯌ ꯇꯞꯏ ꯍꯥꯌꯅ ꯈꯉꯈꯤ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯋꯥꯍꯩꯁꯤꯡ ꯁꯥꯏꯠ ꯑꯁꯤꯗ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯅꯛꯄꯅꯤ; ꯈꯔꯗꯤ ꯃꯌꯥꯛ ꯑꯃꯈꯛꯇꯅꯤ꯫
ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯀꯔꯝꯅ ꯗꯤꯜ ꯇꯧꯕꯒꯦ
ꯊꯨꯅꯅ꯫ ꯊꯥꯗꯣꯛꯄ, ꯃꯍꯩ, ꯄꯦꯑꯥꯎꯠꯁꯦꯜꯄꯦꯑꯥꯎꯠꯃꯥꯏꯄꯥꯛꯄ ꯕꯦꯠ ꯑꯃꯅ ꯍꯜꯂꯛꯄ ꯁꯦꯜ, ꯍꯜꯂꯀꯄ ꯊꯝꯂꯕ ꯁꯦꯜꯒꯤ ꯃꯊꯛꯇ “X ꯗꯒꯤ 1” ꯍꯥꯌꯅ ꯍꯥꯌꯏ꯫ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯄꯥꯕꯤꯌꯨ →, ꯃꯊꯪꯒꯤ, ꯌꯥꯝꯅ ꯅꯛꯄ ꯈꯨꯠ ꯍꯥꯞꯄ ꯑꯃꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅ, ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯁꯥꯟꯅꯔꯤꯕꯁꯤꯡꯅ ꯊꯨꯅ ꯕꯦꯠ ꯊꯝꯕ ꯇꯃꯏ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯀꯩꯗꯧꯉꯩꯗꯁꯨ ꯆꯦꯠ ꯇꯧꯗꯦ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀꯩꯗꯧꯉꯩꯗꯁꯨ ꯁꯟꯗꯣꯀꯄꯗꯦ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯇꯦꯕꯜꯅ ꯊꯨꯅꯕ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯊꯧꯔꯥꯡ ꯇꯧꯗꯨꯅ ꯇꯥꯀꯏ: ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯊꯨꯅꯕꯗ ꯄꯨꯡ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯥꯡꯒꯗꯕ ꯁꯦꯜꯃꯦꯊꯃꯦꯇꯤꯛꯁꯃꯥꯡꯒꯗꯕ ꯁꯦꯜꯐꯪꯒꯗꯕ ꯃꯃꯂꯕꯨ ꯕꯦꯠ ꯊꯝꯂꯕ ꯁꯦꯜ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛꯅ ꯃꯅꯥꯡꯕ; ꯁꯦꯁꯟ ꯅꯠꯔꯒ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗ ꯃꯥꯡꯕ ꯑꯦꯚꯔꯦꯖ ꯁꯦꯜ꯫ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯄꯥꯕꯤꯌꯨ → ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀ꯭ꯂꯣꯏꯒꯤ ꯑꯃꯨꯛ ꯑꯅꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯥꯛꯇ ꯑꯣꯏ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯣꯏ꯫ “ꯁꯦꯁꯟꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯃꯜ” ꯄꯦꯖꯅ ꯍꯥꯌꯏ꯫
ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯝꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯒꯦ
ꯀꯔꯤꯁꯨ ꯍꯥꯌꯗꯦ꯫ ꯁꯥꯟꯅꯔꯤꯕ ꯑꯃꯅ ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯝ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯥꯑꯣꯊꯣꯛꯂꯕꯗꯤ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯁ꯭ꯄꯤꯟ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯎꯕ ꯌꯥꯅ ꯂꯦꯞꯏ, ꯃꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗ ꯃꯈꯥ ꯆꯠꯊꯔꯛꯏ꯫ ꯂꯦꯞꯄ ꯑꯗꯨꯅ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛ ꯍꯥꯌꯏ ꯍꯥꯌꯅ ꯁꯥꯟꯅꯔꯤꯕꯁꯤꯡꯅ ꯍꯥꯌꯏ꯫
ꯁꯥꯟꯅꯔꯤꯕꯁꯤꯡꯅ ꯃꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯈꯅꯕꯒꯦ
ꯊꯨꯅꯕ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯤꯡꯊꯤꯕ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯐꯥꯍꯟꯗꯕ ꯗꯤꯂꯔ ꯑꯃꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ꯫ ꯅꯤꯟꯖꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯀꯤꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯁꯥꯏꯠ ꯑꯁꯤꯗ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯅꯤꯡꯊꯤꯕꯅꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯕꯦꯡꯀꯔꯣꯜꯁꯦꯜꯕꯦꯡꯀꯔꯣꯜꯁꯥꯟꯅꯅꯕ ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯟꯅ ꯊꯝꯂꯕ ꯁꯦꯜ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛ꯫ ꯕꯦꯡꯀꯔꯣꯜ ꯃꯦꯅꯦꯖꯃꯦꯟꯠ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯃꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯕꯦꯠ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯗ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯦꯁꯟ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯗ ꯈꯨꯗꯣꯡꯊꯤꯕꯗ ꯊꯃꯒꯗꯒꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯕ ꯋꯥꯔꯦꯞ ꯂꯧꯕꯅꯤ꯫ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯄꯥꯕꯤꯌꯨ → ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯣꯏꯍꯟꯕꯒꯤ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯊꯨꯅꯕ ꯂꯝꯕꯤꯅꯤ꯫


ꯒ꯭ꯔꯣꯒ
ꯑꯄꯤꯛꯄ ꯑꯁꯪꯕ ꯂꯧꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯩꯕ ꯃꯤ · ꯋꯥ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯒꯤ ꯃꯃꯥꯡꯗ ꯉꯥꯡꯏ · ꯖꯤꯔꯣꯕꯨ ꯅꯨꯡꯁꯤ
ꯑꯄꯤꯛꯄ ꯑꯁꯪꯕ ꯂꯧꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯩꯕ ꯃꯤ꯫ ꯑꯆꯧꯕ ꯅꯥꯀꯣꯡ, ꯍꯦꯟꯅ ꯑꯆꯧꯕ ꯑꯁꯥꯎꯕ ꯂꯩꯇꯕ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯋꯥꯍꯩꯄꯔꯦꯡ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯃꯛ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯒꯤ ꯃꯃꯥꯡꯗ, ꯍꯥꯎꯁ ꯑꯦꯖꯀꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗ ꯍꯥꯌꯕ ꯑꯗꯨꯁꯨ ꯌꯥꯑꯣꯅ꯫
ꯇꯦꯕꯜ ꯑꯁꯤꯗ ꯐꯝꯕꯤꯌꯨꯃꯍꯥꯛ ꯀꯗꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯀꯈꯤꯕꯅꯣ
ꯁ꯭ꯀꯤꯟꯅ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯤ ꯂꯝꯄꯥꯛ ꯑꯃꯗꯒꯤ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯈꯣꯌ ꯃꯁꯥꯃꯛ ꯂꯩꯕ ꯌꯥꯝꯅ ꯁꯥꯡꯕ ꯅꯣꯡꯃꯥꯏ ꯃꯤꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯏꯃꯨꯡꯗꯒꯤ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛ ꯀꯅꯥꯅꯁꯨ ꯁꯟꯗꯣꯛꯅ ꯉꯃꯗꯕ ꯄꯥꯎꯔꯤꯕ ꯃꯤꯔꯥꯡ ꯑꯃꯗ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯨꯗꯤꯑꯣꯗ ꯂꯥꯀꯈꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯐꯝꯐꯝ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯖꯈꯤ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯇ ꯑꯅꯤ ꯄꯤꯈꯤ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯆꯍꯤ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯋꯥꯌꯦꯜ ꯌꯥꯊꯪꯒꯤ ꯋꯥꯐꯝꯅꯤ; ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ “ꯃꯇꯤꯛ ꯆꯥꯅ ꯑꯍꯜ, ꯑꯩ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯦ” ꯍꯥꯌꯏ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯄꯤꯠ ꯕꯣꯁꯅ ꯍꯪꯕ ꯂꯦꯞꯂꯦ꯫
ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯀꯔꯝꯅ ꯗꯤꯜ ꯇꯧꯕꯒꯦ
ꯇꯞꯅ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯌꯥꯝꯅ ꯆꯦꯀꯁꯤꯟꯅ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯕꯣꯜꯈꯨꯠꯂꯥꯏꯕꯣꯜꯔꯣꯇꯔꯒꯤ ꯃꯥꯌꯣꯛꯇ ꯇ꯭ꯔꯦꯛꯇ ꯊꯥꯗꯣꯛꯄ ꯑꯄꯤꯛꯄ ꯕꯣꯜ꯫ ꯍꯧꯖꯤꯛꯀꯤ ꯕꯣꯜꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯥꯏꯚꯣꯔꯤꯟ ꯅꯠꯔꯒ ꯇꯦꯐ꯭ꯂꯣꯅꯅ ꯁꯦꯝꯃꯤ, 18–21 mm꯫ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯄꯥꯕꯤꯌꯨ → ꯑꯗꯨ ꯈꯨꯠ ꯑꯅꯤꯅ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯀꯏ, ꯃꯗꯨꯅ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯇ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯒꯅꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯒꯨꯝꯅ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯄꯥꯟꯗꯨꯅ ꯊꯝꯃꯤ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯊꯥꯗꯣꯀꯏ꯫ ꯃꯗꯨꯅ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯇ ꯀꯩꯗꯧꯉꯩꯗꯁꯨ ꯀꯔꯤꯁꯨ ꯍꯥꯌꯗꯦ꯫ ꯃꯍꯩ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯒꯤ ꯃꯃꯥꯡꯗ ꯀꯧꯏ (“ꯇꯔꯥꯅꯤꯇꯔꯦꯠ, ꯑꯃꯨꯕꯕꯦꯠꯑꯃꯨꯕꯑꯃꯨꯕ ꯃꯁꯤꯡ 18 ꯗ ꯊꯝꯕ ꯆꯞ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯕ ꯕꯦꯠ꯫ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯟꯆ: ꯅꯣꯌꯥꯔ꯫ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯄꯥꯕꯤꯌꯨ →, ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯦ”) ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯄꯦꯑꯥꯎꯠꯁꯦꯜꯄꯦꯑꯥꯎꯠꯃꯥꯏꯄꯥꯛꯄ ꯕꯦꯠ ꯑꯃꯅ ꯍꯜꯂꯛꯄ ꯁꯦꯜ, ꯍꯜꯂꯀꯄ ꯊꯝꯂꯕ ꯁꯦꯜꯒꯤ ꯃꯊꯛꯇ “X ꯗꯒꯤ 1” ꯍꯥꯌꯅ ꯍꯥꯌꯏ꯫ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯄꯥꯕꯤꯌꯨ → ꯑꯗꯨ ꯆꯨꯃꯊꯣꯀꯏ꯫
ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯝꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯒꯦ
ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯝ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯃꯛ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯕ ꯕꯦꯠꯁꯤꯡ ꯁꯥꯖꯤꯟꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯕꯨ ꯁꯥꯖꯤꯟꯕꯅ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯃꯃꯜ ꯍꯣꯡꯗꯣꯀꯄ ꯉꯃꯗꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯅ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯕꯖꯦꯠ ꯑꯃꯥ, ꯂꯦꯞꯄ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯇꯨꯝꯕ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯄꯥꯝꯃꯤ꯫ ꯃꯥꯔꯇꯤꯟꯒꯦꯜꯒꯤꯊꯧꯔꯥꯡꯃꯥꯔꯇꯤꯟꯒꯦꯜꯃꯥꯏꯊꯤꯕ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗ ꯕꯦꯠ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯑꯅꯤ ꯊꯥꯛ ꯍꯦꯅꯒꯠꯍꯟꯕ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯒ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯟ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯇꯧꯕꯒꯦ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯇꯧꯗꯕꯒꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯕ ꯊꯧꯔꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯁꯦꯛꯁꯅꯗ ꯌꯦꯡꯕꯤꯌꯨ꯫ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯄꯥꯕꯤꯌꯨ → ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗ ꯍꯪꯂꯕꯗꯤ, ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯃꯤꯠ ꯃꯤꯟꯗꯨꯅ ꯍꯥꯌꯏ: “ꯗꯕꯜ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯇꯧꯒꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗ ꯑꯃꯨꯛ ꯍꯟꯅꯥ ꯗꯕꯜ꯫ ꯃꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗ ꯇꯦꯕꯜꯒꯤ ꯉꯝꯈꯩꯇꯦꯕꯜꯇꯦꯕꯜꯒꯤ ꯉꯝꯈꯩꯌꯥꯍꯜꯂꯤꯕ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯅꯦꯝꯕ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯋꯥꯡꯕ ꯕꯦꯠ꯫ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯋꯥꯡꯕ ꯉꯝꯈꯩ ꯑꯗꯨꯅ ꯑꯅꯤ ꯊꯥꯛ ꯍꯦꯅꯒꯠꯍꯟꯕ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯒ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯊꯤꯡꯏ꯫ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯄꯥꯕꯤꯌꯨ →, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯎꯒꯅꯤ꯫”
ꯁꯥꯟꯅꯔꯤꯕꯁꯤꯡꯅ ꯃꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯈꯅꯕꯒꯦ
ꯃꯔꯃꯗꯤ ꯄꯥꯎꯇꯥꯛ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯆꯨꯝꯃꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯇꯥꯕ ꯌꯥꯕ ꯃꯈꯩ ꯇꯞꯏ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯇꯦꯕꯜ ꯅꯤꯡꯊꯤꯏ, ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯆꯦꯀꯁꯤꯅꯍꯟꯕꯁꯤꯡ ꯅꯨꯡꯁꯤꯏ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯅꯨꯡꯁꯤꯕ ꯄꯣꯀꯦꯠꯈꯨꯠꯂꯥꯏꯄꯣꯀꯦꯠꯔꯣꯇꯔꯗ ꯂꯩꯕ ꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯏꯔꯕ ꯀꯣꯠ 37 ꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗ ꯑꯃꯥ꯫ ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄ ꯃꯃꯤꯡ: ꯁ꯭ꯂꯣꯠ, ꯀꯞ꯫ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯄꯥꯕꯤꯌꯨ → ꯑꯗꯨ ꯀꯦꯁꯤꯅꯣꯅ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯅꯨꯡꯁꯤꯕ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯤ, ꯃꯁꯤ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯅꯣꯛꯅꯤꯡꯉꯥꯏ ꯐꯥꯑꯣꯏ꯫


ꯏꯕꯣꯛ ꯐꯣꯔꯇꯨꯅꯥ
ꯊꯕꯛꯇꯒꯤ ꯂꯦꯞꯂꯕ ꯃꯥꯏꯕꯤ · ꯊꯧꯔꯥꯡꯁꯤꯡꯕꯨ ꯃꯃꯜ ꯌꯥꯎꯗꯅ ꯅꯣꯛꯅꯕ ꯑꯣꯏꯍꯜꯂꯤ
ꯊꯕꯛꯇꯒꯤ ꯂꯦꯞꯂꯕ ꯃꯥꯏꯕꯤ꯫ ꯆꯍꯤ ꯅꯤꯐꯨ ꯃꯤꯁꯤꯡꯗ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯊꯣꯛꯀꯅꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯅ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯝꯃꯤ, ꯍꯧꯖꯤꯛ ꯅꯨꯃꯤꯗꯥꯡꯁꯤꯡꯗ ꯀꯅꯥꯒꯨꯝꯕ ꯑꯃꯠꯇꯅ ꯈꯉꯗꯦ, ꯆꯛꯔꯅ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯈꯉꯗꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯅ ꯁꯟꯗꯣꯛꯅ ꯇꯥꯛꯂꯤ꯫
ꯇꯦꯕꯜ ꯑꯁꯤꯗ ꯐꯝꯕꯤꯌꯨꯃꯍꯥꯛ ꯀꯗꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯀꯈꯤꯕꯅꯣ
ꯃꯦꯂꯥ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯇꯝꯕꯨ ꯑꯃꯗꯒꯤ, ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗ ꯃꯅꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯄꯥꯔꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕ ꯗꯣꯀꯥꯟ ꯑꯃꯗ, ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗ ꯅꯨꯃꯤꯗꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯇꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯛꯁ ꯀ꯭ꯂꯥꯁ ꯑꯃꯗ, ꯃꯗꯨꯅ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯂꯂꯣꯟ-ꯏꯇꯤꯛ ꯃꯥꯡꯍꯅꯈꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯄꯨꯟꯁꯤ ꯐꯒꯠꯍꯅꯈꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯅ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯍꯥꯌꯏ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯆꯍꯤ ꯍꯨꯝꯐꯨ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯁꯨꯔꯕꯗ ꯗꯤꯂꯔ ꯀꯣꯔꯁ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯧꯈꯤ, ꯃꯔꯃꯗꯤ, ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯤ, ꯑꯃꯨꯛ ꯇꯦꯕꯜ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯑꯆꯨꯝꯕ ꯅꯥꯀꯜꯗ ꯂꯩꯅꯕ ꯄꯥꯃꯈꯤ꯫
ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯀꯔꯝꯅ ꯗꯤꯜ ꯇꯧꯕꯒꯦ
ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯇꯥꯗꯨꯅ, ꯑꯌꯥꯡꯕ ꯃꯤꯅꯨꯡꯁꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯌꯥꯡꯕ ꯑꯣꯗꯤꯠ ꯑꯣꯏꯕ ꯂꯦꯞꯄ ꯂꯩꯇꯕ ꯋꯥꯔꯤꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅ꯫ ꯀꯅꯥ ꯃꯥꯡꯈꯤꯕ ꯁꯦꯜ ꯍꯣꯠꯅꯔꯤꯕꯅꯣ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯎꯏ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯍꯥꯌꯏ꯫ ꯀꯅꯥꯒꯤ ꯕꯖꯦꯠ ꯂꯩꯕꯅꯣ ꯃꯗꯨꯁꯨ ꯎꯏ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯍꯥꯌꯏ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯃꯍꯩ ꯂꯥꯑꯣꯊꯣꯀꯄꯗ ꯌꯥꯝꯅ ꯃꯇꯝꯗ ꯃꯃꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯁ꯭ꯄꯤꯟꯗ ꯚꯣꯠ ꯑꯃꯠꯇ ꯂꯩꯔꯃꯗꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯅ ꯅꯤꯡꯁꯤꯡꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫
ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯝꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯒꯦ
ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯃꯃꯥꯡꯗ, ꯇꯁꯦꯡꯅꯃꯛ, ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯕꯨ ꯌꯣꯟꯕ ꯇꯧꯔꯝꯃꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯌꯣꯟꯕꯒꯤ ꯋꯥꯍꯩ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯈꯉꯏ ꯍꯥꯌꯅ꯫ ꯃꯥꯔꯇꯤꯟꯒꯦꯜꯕꯨꯊꯧꯔꯥꯡꯃꯥꯔꯇꯤꯟꯒꯦꯜꯃꯥꯏꯊꯤꯕ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗ ꯕꯦꯠ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯑꯅꯤ ꯊꯥꯛ ꯍꯦꯅꯒꯠꯍꯟꯕ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯒ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯟ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯇꯧꯕꯒꯦ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯇꯧꯗꯕꯒꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯕ ꯊꯧꯔꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯁꯦꯛꯁꯅꯗ ꯌꯦꯡꯕꯤꯌꯨ꯫ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯄꯥꯕꯤꯌꯨ → ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯅꯣꯛꯅꯕ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯗꯦꯃꯣ ꯒꯦꯃꯗ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯤꯕ ꯋꯥꯍꯩꯅꯤ; ꯁꯥꯠꯄ ꯃꯁꯤꯡꯁꯤꯡꯕꯨꯑꯔꯥꯟꯕ ꯊꯥꯖꯕꯁꯥꯠꯄ ꯃꯁꯤꯡꯅꯛꯅꯗ ꯊꯥꯖꯈꯤꯕꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯈꯤꯕ ꯃꯁꯤꯡ꯫ ꯆꯨꯝꯃꯤꯟꯅꯕ ꯆꯛꯔꯗ ꯃꯁꯤꯅ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕ ꯑꯃꯠꯇ ꯂꯥꯎꯊꯣꯛꯇꯦ꯫ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯄꯥꯕꯤꯌꯨ → ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯅꯣꯛꯅꯕ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯍꯦꯟꯅ ꯅꯨꯡꯁꯤꯕꯅꯤ, ꯃꯔꯃꯗꯤ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅꯁꯨ ꯃꯗꯨ ꯊꯥꯖꯔꯝꯕ ꯅꯤꯡꯁꯤꯡꯏ꯫ “ꯔꯨꯂꯦꯠꯅ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯑꯁꯨꯛ ꯌꯥꯝꯅ ꯑꯦꯗꯤꯛꯁꯟ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯟꯕꯒꯦ?” ꯄꯦꯖ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯃꯃꯤꯡ ꯂꯧꯗꯨꯅ ꯄꯥꯎꯇꯥꯛ ꯄꯤꯕ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯕ ꯗꯤꯂꯔ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅꯤ꯫
ꯁꯥꯟꯅꯔꯤꯕꯁꯤꯡꯅ ꯃꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯈꯅꯕꯒꯦ
ꯃꯔꯃꯗꯤ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯑꯆꯨꯝꯕ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯅꯨꯡꯁꯤꯕ ꯈꯣꯟꯖꯦꯂꯗ ꯍꯥꯌꯏ, ꯃꯁꯤ ꯇꯦꯕꯜ ꯑꯃꯗ ꯌꯥꯝꯅ ꯈꯟꯅꯥ ꯐꯪꯏ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯁꯦꯁꯟꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯦꯚꯔꯦꯖꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯦꯟꯅ ꯅꯛꯄꯅꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ, ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄ ꯗꯤꯂꯔ ꯑꯃꯠꯇꯒꯤꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯦꯟꯅ ꯌꯥꯝꯅ, ꯁꯥꯟꯅꯔꯤꯕ ꯑꯗꯨꯅ ꯀꯥꯟꯅꯕ ꯁꯦꯜ ꯄꯨꯗꯨꯅ ꯆꯠꯂꯛꯄꯗ ꯂꯣꯏꯁꯤꯜꯂꯤ꯫

ꯆꯛꯔ ꯑꯃꯠꯇ, ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯇꯔꯥꯃꯉꯥ
ꯑꯁꯦꯡꯕ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯨꯗꯤꯑꯣꯁꯤꯡꯅ ꯗꯤꯂꯔꯁꯤꯡꯕꯨ ꯇꯦꯕꯜ ꯑꯃꯠꯇꯗ ꯍꯣꯡꯗꯣꯛ-ꯍꯣꯡꯗꯣꯛ ꯇꯧꯏ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯄꯨꯝꯕꯗ ꯂꯥꯛꯂꯤꯕ ꯁꯥꯟꯅꯔꯤꯕꯁꯤꯡꯅ ꯀꯅꯥꯅ ꯗꯤꯜ ꯇꯧꯔꯤꯕꯒꯦ ꯌꯦꯡꯗꯨꯅ ꯁꯤꯐꯠ ꯈꯅꯩ꯫ ꯗꯦꯃꯣ ꯒꯦꯝ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯁꯨ ꯃꯁꯤꯃꯛ ꯇꯧꯏ: ꯂꯥꯏꯕ ꯇꯦꯕꯜꯗ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯈꯅꯕꯤꯌꯨ, ꯃꯗꯨ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯗꯤ ꯋꯥꯍꯩꯁꯤꯡ, ꯊꯨꯅꯕ-ꯇꯞꯄ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁ꯭ꯀꯤꯟ ꯍꯣꯡꯏ꯫ ꯄꯦꯑꯥꯎꯠꯁꯤꯡꯁꯦꯜꯄꯦꯑꯥꯎꯠꯃꯥꯏꯄꯥꯛꯄ ꯕꯦꯠ ꯑꯃꯅ ꯍꯜꯂꯛꯄ ꯁꯦꯜ, ꯍꯜꯂꯀꯄ ꯊꯝꯂꯕ ꯁꯦꯜꯒꯤ ꯃꯊꯛꯇ “X ꯗꯒꯤ 1” ꯍꯥꯌꯅ ꯍꯥꯌꯏ꯫ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯄꯥꯕꯤꯌꯨ → ꯍꯣꯡꯗꯦ꯫ ꯃꯈꯥꯗ ꯂꯩꯕ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯃꯛꯇ “ꯇꯦꯕꯜ ꯑꯁꯤꯗ ꯐꯝꯕꯤꯌꯨ” ꯕꯇꯟ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯩ, ꯃꯗꯨꯅ ꯗꯤꯂꯔ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅ ꯂꯥꯏꯕ ꯇꯦꯕꯜ ꯍꯥꯡꯗꯣꯛꯏ꯫
ꯗꯤꯂꯔ ꯑꯃꯅ ꯍꯣꯡꯗꯣꯛꯄ ꯉꯝꯕ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯉꯃꯗꯕ
ꯊꯨꯅꯕ-ꯇꯞꯄ (ꯄꯨꯡ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯃꯛꯇ ꯁ꯭ꯄꯤꯟ ꯀꯌꯥ, ꯃꯁꯤꯅ ꯄꯨꯡ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯃꯜ ꯂꯦꯞꯄꯤ), ꯃꯤꯅꯨꯡꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯂꯦꯞꯄꯒꯤ ꯅꯤꯌꯝ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅ ꯅꯤꯡꯁꯤꯡꯍꯜꯂꯤꯕꯒꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨ꯫ ꯆꯛꯔ ꯅꯠꯇꯦ, ꯕꯣꯜꯈꯨꯠꯂꯥꯏꯕꯣꯜꯔꯣꯇꯔꯒꯤ ꯃꯥꯌꯣꯛꯇ ꯇ꯭ꯔꯦꯛꯇ ꯊꯥꯗꯣꯛꯄ ꯑꯄꯤꯛꯄ ꯕꯣꯜ꯫ ꯍꯧꯖꯤꯛꯀꯤ ꯕꯣꯜꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯥꯏꯚꯣꯔꯤꯟ ꯅꯠꯔꯒ ꯇꯦꯐ꯭ꯂꯣꯅꯅ ꯁꯦꯝꯃꯤ, 18–21 mm꯫ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯄꯥꯕꯤꯌꯨ → ꯅꯠꯇꯦ, ꯑꯦꯖ ꯅꯠꯇꯦ꯫ “ꯔꯨꯂꯦꯠ ꯗꯤꯂꯔꯒꯤ ꯊꯧꯑꯣꯡ” ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ “ꯁ꯭ꯄꯤꯗ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯣꯇꯣ ꯔꯨꯂꯦꯠ” ꯂꯃꯥꯏꯁꯤꯡꯅ ꯑꯁꯦꯡꯕ ꯃꯥꯂꯦꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯇꯥꯀꯏ꯫
ꯋꯥꯍꯪꯁꯤꯡ
ꯅꯠꯇꯦ꯫ ꯃꯈꯣꯌ ꯗꯦꯃꯣ ꯒꯦꯃꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯏꯈꯤꯕ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯁꯤꯡꯅꯤ, ꯃꯈꯣꯌ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯃꯛꯇ ꯐꯤꯚꯝ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯋꯥꯍꯩꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯩ꯫
ꯍꯣꯡꯍꯜꯂꯣꯏ꯫ ꯌꯨꯔꯣꯄꯤꯌꯟ ꯆꯛꯔꯗ ꯇꯦꯕꯜ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯃꯛ 2.70%ꯅꯤ; ꯂꯥ ꯄꯥꯔꯇꯥꯖꯅꯤꯌꯝꯂꯥ ꯄꯥꯔꯇꯥꯖꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯟꯆ ꯅꯤꯌꯝ: ꯖꯤꯔꯣ ꯊꯣꯛꯂꯕꯗꯤ ꯆꯞ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯕ ꯕꯦꯠꯀꯤ ꯊꯝꯂꯕ ꯁꯦꯜꯒꯤ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯑꯍꯦꯟꯕ ꯍꯜꯂꯀꯏ꯫ ꯕꯦꯠ ꯑꯗꯨꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯍꯥꯎꯁ ꯑꯦꯖ 1.35% ꯐꯥꯑꯣꯕ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯑꯅꯤꯗ ꯊꯥꯖꯤꯜꯂꯤ꯫ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯄꯥꯕꯤꯌꯨ → ꯂꯩꯕ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯟꯆ ꯇꯦꯕꯜ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯀꯅꯥꯅ ꯗꯤꯜ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯁꯨ ꯆꯞ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯕ ꯕꯦꯠꯇ 1.35%ꯅꯤ꯫
ꯅꯣꯛꯅꯕꯒꯤ ꯀꯃꯤꯛ

ꯗꯤꯂꯔ ꯇꯔꯥꯃꯉꯥ꯫ ꯆꯛꯔ ꯑꯃꯥ꯫ 2.70% ꯑꯗꯨꯃꯛ꯫