ꯂꯥꯕꯨꯁꯦꯌꯔ ꯔꯨꯂꯦꯠ ꯊꯧꯔꯥꯡ
ꯂꯥꯕꯨꯁꯦꯌꯔ ꯔꯨꯂꯦꯠ ꯊꯧꯔꯥꯡꯅ ꯃꯁꯤꯡꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯟ ꯑꯃꯗꯒꯤ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯇꯧꯏ꯫ ꯃꯊꯣꯛ ꯑꯅꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯊꯝꯕꯤꯌꯨ꯫ ꯃꯥꯏꯄꯥꯛꯄꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗ ꯃꯈꯣꯌ ꯀꯛꯊꯠꯄꯤꯌꯨ, ꯃꯥꯏꯊꯤꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗ ꯃꯥꯏꯊꯤꯔꯕ ꯕꯦꯠ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯍꯥꯄꯆꯤꯟꯕꯤꯌꯨ꯫
ꯃꯁꯤꯅ ꯆꯛꯔꯕꯨ ꯃꯥꯏꯊꯤꯍꯟꯗꯦ꯫ ꯂꯥꯏꯟ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯂꯣꯏꯁꯤꯜꯂꯕꯗ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯃꯥꯏꯄꯥꯛꯏ꯫ ꯃꯥꯏꯊꯤꯔꯤꯕ ꯃꯇꯃꯗ ꯂꯥꯏꯟ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯁꯥꯡꯂꯛꯂꯤ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯊꯝꯂꯕ ꯁꯦꯜꯁꯤꯡꯁꯨ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅ꯫ ꯃꯥꯡꯒꯗꯕ ꯁꯦꯜ: ꯊꯝꯂꯕ ꯁꯦꯜ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛꯀꯤ 2.70%꯫
ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯗ ꯆꯠꯄ
ꯊꯝꯂꯕ ꯁꯦꯜ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯍꯥꯅꯕ ꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯔꯣꯏꯕ ꯃꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯄꯨꯟꯁꯤꯟꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯥꯏꯄꯥꯛꯄ ꯑꯃꯅ ꯑꯅꯤꯃꯛ ꯀꯛꯊꯠꯂꯤ꯫ ꯃꯥꯏꯊꯤꯕ ꯑꯃꯅ ꯊꯝꯂꯕ ꯁꯦꯜ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯑꯔꯣꯏꯕꯗ ꯏꯔꯤ꯫
ꯊꯝꯂꯕ ꯁꯦꯜ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯍꯩꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯍꯧꯔꯛꯐꯃꯒꯤ ꯕꯦꯠꯀꯤ ꯌꯨꯅꯤꯠꯇꯅꯤ꯫
ꯂꯥꯕꯨꯁꯦꯌꯔ ꯔꯨꯂꯦꯠ ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯝꯅ ꯆꯦꯗ ꯀꯔꯝꯅ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯇꯧꯕꯒꯦ
ꯀꯌꯥ ꯃꯥꯏꯄꯥꯛꯄ ꯄꯥꯝꯕꯒꯦ ꯂꯦꯄꯄꯤꯌꯨ, ꯈꯨꯗꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅ ꯌꯨꯅꯤꯠꯁꯦꯜꯌꯨꯅꯤꯠꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯝ ꯅꯠꯔꯒ ꯁꯥꯟꯅꯔꯤꯕ ꯑꯃꯅ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯕ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕ ꯊꯝꯂꯕ ꯁꯦꯜ꯫ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯒ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯌꯨꯅꯤꯠꯇ ꯁꯟꯗꯣꯛꯂꯤ, ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯅ ꯃꯈꯣꯌ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕ ꯇꯦꯕꯜꯗ ꯆꯠꯂꯤ꯫ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯄꯥꯕꯤꯌꯨ → 10, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯗꯨꯗ ꯌꯧꯕ ꯃꯁꯤꯡꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯟ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯅ ꯏꯕꯤꯌꯨ: 1 2 3 4꯫ ꯕꯦꯠ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯃꯛ ꯑꯍꯥꯅꯕ ꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯔꯣꯏꯕ ꯃꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯄꯨꯡꯅꯤ: 1 + 4 = 5꯫ ꯃꯥꯏꯄꯥꯛꯂꯕꯗ ꯃꯊꯣꯛ ꯑꯅꯤꯃꯛ ꯀꯛꯊꯠꯂꯣ; ꯍꯧꯖꯤꯛ ꯂꯥꯏꯟ ꯑꯗꯨ 2 3 ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯦ꯫ ꯃꯥꯏꯊꯤꯔꯕꯗ ꯊꯝꯂꯕ ꯁꯦꯜ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯑꯔꯣꯏꯕꯗ ꯏꯕꯤꯌꯨ: 1 2 3 4 5꯫ ꯂꯥꯏꯟ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯑꯍꯥꯡꯕ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯛꯇ꯭ꯔꯤꯐꯥꯑꯣꯕ, ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯑꯔꯊ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯌꯨꯅꯤꯠ 10 ꯃꯥꯏꯄꯥꯛꯂꯦ, ꯅꯠꯔꯒ ꯃꯊꯪꯒꯤ ꯕꯦꯠ ꯊꯝꯕ ꯉꯃꯗ꯭ꯔꯤꯐꯥꯑꯣꯕ ꯃꯈꯥ ꯆꯠꯊꯕꯤꯌꯨ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯇꯧꯒꯗꯕ ꯊꯕꯀꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯂꯤꯁ꯭ꯇ ꯑꯃꯒꯨꯝ ꯆꯠꯂꯤ: ꯂꯣꯏꯁꯤꯜꯂꯕ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯃꯛꯅ ꯑꯏꯇꯦꯝ ꯑꯅꯤ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯀꯏ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯥꯏꯊꯤꯔꯕ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯃꯛꯅ ꯃꯈꯥꯗ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯆꯥꯎꯕ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯍꯥꯄꯆꯤꯜꯂꯤ꯫
ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯟ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯣꯏꯁꯤꯟꯕꯅꯣ?
ꯃꯥꯏꯄꯥꯛꯄ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯃꯛꯅ ꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯅꯤ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯀꯏ; ꯃꯥꯏꯊꯤꯕ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯃꯛꯅ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯍꯥꯄꯆꯤꯜꯂꯤ꯫ ꯃꯥꯏꯄꯥꯛꯄꯁꯤꯡ ꯃꯥꯏꯊꯤꯕꯒꯤ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯑꯅꯤꯗ ꯑꯃꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯗ ꯂꯥꯏꯟ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯑꯇꯨꯕ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯛꯂꯤ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯆꯞ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯕ ꯕꯦꯠꯇ (48.6%) ꯃꯇꯝ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯇꯧ ꯑꯗꯨꯃꯛ ꯑꯣꯏ꯫ ꯂꯥꯏꯟ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯣꯏꯁꯤꯜꯂꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯄꯥꯝꯖꯕꯥ ꯐꯕ ꯃꯑꯣꯡꯅꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯂꯥꯡꯖꯥꯛꯁꯨ ꯑꯣꯏ: ꯂꯥꯏꯟ ꯂꯣꯏꯁꯤꯟꯗꯕ ꯁꯦꯁꯟꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯈꯔꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯅ ꯃꯥꯏꯊꯤꯕꯅ ꯃꯥꯏꯄꯥꯛꯄꯗꯒꯤ ꯑꯅꯤꯗꯒꯤ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯅ ꯍꯦꯟꯈꯤꯕ ꯁꯦꯁꯟꯁꯤꯡꯅꯤ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯗ ꯂꯥꯏꯟꯒꯤ ꯃꯁꯤꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯊꯝꯂꯕ ꯁꯦꯜꯁꯤꯡ ꯌꯥꯝꯅ ꯆꯥꯎꯔꯦ꯫
- p10 −$500
- p25 −$500
- ꯃꯤꯗꯤꯌꯥꯟ −$500
- p75 −$500
- p90 +$1,570
ꯂꯥꯕꯨꯁꯦꯌꯔ ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯝꯅ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯇꯧꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ?
ꯇꯧꯗꯦ꯫ ꯂꯥꯏꯟ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯣꯏꯁꯤꯜꯂꯤ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯂꯣꯏꯁꯤꯟꯗꯕꯁꯤꯡꯅ ꯂꯣꯏꯁꯤꯜꯂꯕꯁꯤꯡꯅ ꯃꯥꯏꯄꯥꯛꯈꯤꯕꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯃꯥꯡꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫ 1 2 3 4 ꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯧꯔꯒ, ꯃꯥꯏꯊꯤꯕ ꯅꯤꯄꯥꯟꯒꯤ ꯁ꯭ꯇ꯭ꯔꯤꯛ ꯑꯃꯅ ꯂꯥꯏꯟ 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯊꯪꯒꯤ ꯕꯦꯠ ꯌꯨꯅꯤꯠ 13 ꯄꯨꯊꯣꯀꯏ, ꯌꯨꯅꯤꯠ 68 ꯃꯥꯡꯂꯦ꯫ ꯌꯨꯅꯤꯠ ꯑꯃꯗ $10 ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯕꯗ ꯃꯗꯨ $130 ꯒꯤ ꯕꯦꯠ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ $680 ꯃꯥꯡꯂꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯈꯥ ꯆꯠꯅꯕ ꯆꯞ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯕ ꯃꯥꯏꯊꯤꯕ ꯅꯤꯄꯥꯟꯒꯤ ꯊꯣꯛꯄꯒꯤ ꯈꯨꯗꯣꯡꯆꯥꯕꯃꯦꯊꯃꯦꯇꯤꯛꯁꯊꯣꯛꯄꯒꯤ ꯈꯨꯗꯣꯡꯆꯥꯕꯃꯍꯩ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯊꯣꯛꯄꯒꯤ ꯈꯨꯗꯣꯡꯆꯥꯕ, 0 ꯗꯒꯤ 1 ꯐꯥꯑꯣꯕ ꯅꯠꯔꯒ 0% ꯗꯒꯤ 100% ꯐꯥꯑꯣꯕ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯥ: 1/37 = 2.70%꯫ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯄꯥꯕꯤꯌꯨ → ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕ ꯍꯧꯔꯀꯐꯝ ꯑꯃꯗꯒꯤ (19/37)⁸ ≈ 0.5% ꯅꯤ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁ꯭ꯄꯤꯟ 200 ꯒꯤ ꯁꯦꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯗ ꯍꯧꯔꯀꯐꯝ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯂꯩ꯫ ꯃꯥꯔꯇꯤꯟꯒꯦꯜꯒꯨꯝꯅꯊꯧꯔꯥꯡꯃꯥꯔꯇꯤꯟꯒꯦꯜꯃꯥꯏꯊꯤꯕ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗ ꯕꯦꯠ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯑꯅꯤ ꯊꯥꯛ ꯍꯦꯅꯒꯠꯍꯟꯕ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯒ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯟ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯇꯧꯕꯒꯦ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯇꯧꯗꯕꯒꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯕ ꯊꯧꯔꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯁꯦꯛꯁꯅꯗ ꯌꯦꯡꯕꯤꯌꯨ꯫ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯄꯥꯕꯤꯌꯨ → ꯅꯠꯇꯅ, ꯃꯥꯏꯄꯥꯛꯄ ꯑꯃꯈꯛꯅ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯁꯦꯃꯗꯣꯀꯄ ꯉꯝꯗꯦ; ꯂꯥꯏꯟ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯂꯣꯏꯁꯤꯟꯕ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯏ, ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯃꯥꯏꯊꯤꯕꯗꯒꯤ ꯃꯥꯏꯄꯥꯛꯄ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯏ꯫
ꯑꯇꯨꯕ ꯂꯥꯏꯟ ꯑꯃꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯁꯦꯜ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕꯒꯦ?
ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯑꯇꯨꯕ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯌꯥꯝꯅ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯕ ꯂꯥꯏꯟ, 1 2 3, ꯅ ꯌꯨꯅꯤꯠ 6 ꯃꯥꯏꯄꯥꯛꯏ꯫ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅ ꯇꯦꯕꯜꯒꯤ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯋꯥꯡꯕ ꯉꯝꯈꯩ ꯂꯩꯇꯕ ꯌꯨꯔꯣꯄꯤꯌꯟ ꯆꯛꯔ ꯑꯃꯗ ꯑꯉꯥꯡꯕꯗꯕꯦꯠꯑꯉꯥꯡꯕꯑꯉꯥꯡꯕ ꯃꯁꯤꯡ 18 ꯗ ꯊꯝꯕ ꯆꯞ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯕ ꯕꯦꯠ꯫ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯟꯆ: ꯔꯨꯖ꯫ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯄꯥꯕꯤꯌꯨ → ꯑꯁꯨꯝꯕ ꯂꯥꯏꯟ ꯃꯤꯂꯤꯌꯟ ꯑꯅꯤ ꯁꯤꯃꯨꯂꯦꯠ ꯇꯧꯈꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯂꯥꯏꯟ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯃꯛꯅ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯈꯤꯕ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯕ ꯁꯦꯜ ꯏꯔꯝ ꯊꯃꯈꯤ: ꯍꯧꯖꯤꯛ ꯐꯥꯑꯣꯕ ꯃꯥꯡꯈꯤꯕ ꯁꯦꯜ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯊꯪꯒꯤ ꯕꯦꯠ꯫ ꯂꯥꯏꯟꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯑꯃꯅ ꯌꯨꯅꯤꯠ 9 ꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯀꯩꯗꯧꯉꯩꯗꯁꯨ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯈꯤꯗꯦ꯫ ꯇꯔꯥꯗ ꯑꯃꯅ 79 ꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯈꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯌꯥꯏꯈꯨꯃꯗ ꯑꯃꯅ 490 ꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯈꯤ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯂꯥꯏꯟ 100 ꯗ 99 ꯂꯣꯏꯁꯤꯟꯅꯕꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯁꯥꯟꯅꯔꯤꯕ ꯑꯃꯅ ꯌꯨꯅꯤꯠ 6 ꯒꯤ ꯄꯥꯟꯗꯝ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗ ꯌꯨꯅꯤꯠ 1,050 ꯔꯣꯝ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯏ꯫ ꯖꯤꯔꯣꯆꯛꯔꯖꯤꯔꯣꯆꯞ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯕ, ꯗꯖꯟ ꯅꯠꯔꯒ ꯀꯂꯝ ꯕꯦꯠ ꯑꯃꯠꯇꯅ ꯀꯨꯞꯇꯕ ꯑꯁꯪꯕ ꯄꯣꯀꯦꯠ ꯑꯃꯈꯛꯇ; ꯍꯥꯎꯁ ꯑꯦꯖꯀꯤ ꯍꯧꯔꯀꯐꯝꯅꯤ꯫ ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄ ꯃꯃꯤꯡ: ꯁꯤꯡꯒꯜ ꯖꯤꯔꯣ, 0꯫ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯄꯥꯕꯤꯌꯨ → ꯂꯩꯇꯕ ꯆꯨꯝꯃꯤꯟꯅꯕ ꯁꯥꯟꯅꯕꯃꯦꯊꯃꯦꯇꯤꯛꯁꯆꯨꯝꯃꯤꯟꯅꯕ ꯁꯥꯟꯅꯕꯀꯅꯥꯒꯨꯝꯕ ꯃꯥꯏꯀꯩ ꯑꯃꯠꯇꯗ ꯑꯦꯖ ꯂꯩꯇꯕ ꯁꯥꯟꯅꯕ: ꯕꯦꯠ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯃꯛꯀꯤ ꯐꯪꯒꯗꯕ ꯃꯃꯜ ꯖꯤꯔꯣꯅꯤ꯫ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯄꯥꯕꯤꯌꯨ → ꯑꯃꯗꯁꯨ 700 ꯔꯣꯝ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯒꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯗꯒꯤ ꯅꯦꯝꯕ ꯁꯦꯜ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗ ꯂꯥꯏꯟ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯈꯔꯗ ꯃꯥꯡꯏ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯥꯡꯂꯕ ꯂꯥꯏꯟ ꯑꯃꯅ ꯂꯣꯏꯁꯤꯜꯂꯕ ꯂꯥꯏꯟ ꯀꯌꯥꯅ ꯃꯥꯏꯄꯥꯛꯈꯤꯕꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯃꯥꯡꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫
ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄ ꯃꯈꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯩꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ?
ꯔꯤꯚꯔꯁ ꯂꯥꯕꯨꯁꯦꯌꯔꯅꯊꯧꯔꯥꯡꯂꯥꯕꯨꯁꯦꯌꯔꯀꯛꯊꯠꯄꯒꯤ ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯝ: ꯃꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯟ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯏꯕꯤꯌꯨ, ꯃꯊꯛ ꯑꯅꯤꯒꯤ ꯄꯨꯟꯁꯤꯟꯅꯕ ꯕꯦꯠ ꯊꯝꯕꯤꯌꯨ, ꯃꯥꯏꯄꯥꯛꯂꯕꯗꯤ ꯃꯈꯣꯌ ꯀꯛꯊꯠꯄꯤꯌꯨ, ꯃꯥꯏꯊꯤꯔꯕꯗꯤ ꯃꯥꯡꯈꯤꯕ ꯊꯝꯂꯕ ꯁꯦꯜ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯍꯥꯄꯆꯤꯟꯕꯤꯌꯨ꯫ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯄꯥꯕꯤꯌꯨ → ꯃꯥꯏꯄꯥꯛꯄꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗ ꯍꯥꯄꯆꯤꯜꯂꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯥꯏꯊꯤꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗ ꯀꯛꯊꯠꯂꯤ, ꯃꯁꯤꯅ ꯃꯁꯤꯕꯨ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗ ꯂꯦꯞꯄꯒꯤ ꯅꯤꯌꯝ ꯂꯩꯕ ꯄꯣꯖꯤꯇꯤꯕ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯒ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯟꯊꯧꯔꯥꯡꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯒ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯟꯃꯃꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯍꯩꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯈꯥꯗ ꯊꯝꯂꯕ ꯁꯦꯜ ꯍꯣꯡꯍꯟꯕ ꯅꯤꯌꯝ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕ꯫ ꯅꯦꯒꯦꯇꯤꯕ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯒ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡꯅ ꯃꯥꯏꯊꯤꯔꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗ ꯍꯦꯅꯒꯠꯍꯜꯂꯤ, ꯄꯣꯖꯤꯇꯤꯕꯁꯤꯡꯅ ꯃꯥꯏꯄꯥꯛꯂꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗ꯫ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯄꯥꯕꯤꯌꯨ → ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫ ꯁꯥꯡꯂꯕ ꯂꯥꯏꯟ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯇꯨꯕ ꯑꯅꯤꯗ ꯈꯥꯌꯕꯅ (“1 2 3 4 5 6” ꯕꯨ “1 2 3” ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ “4 5 6” ꯑꯣꯏꯅ) ꯊꯝꯂꯕ ꯁꯦꯜꯁꯤꯡ ꯍꯟꯊꯍꯜꯂꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯂꯣꯏꯁꯤꯟꯒꯗꯕ ꯂꯥꯏꯅꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯅꯤ ꯊꯥꯛ ꯑꯣꯏꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯈꯛꯇꯒꯤ ꯍꯧꯕ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯄꯥꯟꯗꯝ ꯂꯩꯕ ꯐ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ ꯕꯦꯇꯤꯡꯊꯧꯔꯥꯡꯐ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ ꯕꯦꯇꯤꯡꯁ꯭ꯄꯤꯟ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯗ ꯁꯦꯜ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯕ ꯊꯝꯕ꯫ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯒ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯟ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯃꯛ ꯆꯥꯡꯗꯝꯅꯕ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕ ꯃꯈꯥꯌꯣꯜꯅꯤ꯫ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯄꯥꯕꯤꯌꯨ → ꯈꯛꯇꯅꯤ꯫
ꯔꯤꯚꯔꯁ ꯂꯥꯕꯨꯁꯦꯌꯔꯅ ꯅꯤꯁꯀꯤ ꯀꯦꯁꯤꯅꯣꯕꯨ ꯃꯥꯏꯊꯤꯍꯅꯈꯤꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ?
ꯔꯤꯚꯔꯁ ꯃꯈꯂꯗ ꯃꯥꯏꯄꯥꯛꯄ ꯑꯃꯅ ꯊꯝꯂꯕ ꯁꯦꯜ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯂꯥꯏꯟꯒꯤ ꯑꯔꯣꯏꯕꯗ ꯍꯥꯄꯆꯤꯜꯂꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯥꯏꯊꯤꯕ ꯑꯃꯅ ꯃꯊꯣꯛ ꯑꯅꯤꯃꯛ ꯀꯛꯊꯠꯂꯤ꯫ ꯑꯍꯥꯡꯕ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯀꯄ ꯂꯥꯏꯟ ꯑꯃꯅ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯃꯥꯡꯍꯜꯂꯤ, 1 2 3 4 ꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯌꯨꯅꯤꯠ 10; ꯃꯥꯏꯄꯥꯛꯂꯤꯕ ꯂꯥꯏꯟ ꯑꯃꯅ ꯃꯊꯪꯒꯤ ꯕꯦꯠ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯇꯦꯕꯜꯒꯤ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯋꯥꯡꯕ ꯉꯝꯈꯩ ꯃꯍꯨꯠ ꯁꯤꯟꯗ꯭ꯔꯤꯐꯥꯑꯣꯕ ꯕꯦꯠꯁꯤꯡ ꯍꯦꯅꯒꯠꯍꯜꯂꯤ, ꯃꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗ ꯁꯥꯟꯅꯔꯤꯕ ꯑꯗꯨꯅ ꯀꯥꯟꯅꯕ ꯁꯦꯜ ꯊꯃꯖꯤꯜꯂꯒ ꯑꯃꯨꯛ ꯍꯟꯅꯥ ꯍꯧꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡ-ꯃꯄꯥꯟ ꯑꯣꯟꯊꯣꯛꯂꯕ ꯂꯥꯕꯨꯁꯦꯌꯔꯅꯤ: ꯃꯥꯏꯊꯤꯔꯕ ꯑꯄꯤꯛꯄ ꯂꯥꯏꯟ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯈꯛꯇꯗ ꯑꯆꯧꯕ ꯃꯥꯏꯄꯥꯛꯄ ꯑꯃꯥ꯫ ꯅꯣꯔꯃꯦꯟ ꯂꯤ (Norman Leigh) ꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯔꯤꯛ Thirteen Against the Bank (1976) ꯅ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯇꯤꯃꯅ 1966 ꯇ ꯅꯤꯁꯇ ꯆꯞ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯕ ꯈꯨꯗꯣꯡꯆꯥꯕ ꯇꯔꯨꯛ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛꯇ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯝꯅ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯈꯤꯕꯒꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯤ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗ ꯍꯟꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯀꯄ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯑꯃꯅ ꯇꯃꯁꯤꯟꯕꯒꯤ ꯁꯦꯁꯟ 100 ꯗ 96 ꯃꯥꯏꯄꯥꯛꯈꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯤ (Goldman, 2007)꯫ ꯃꯗꯨ ꯑꯣꯟꯊꯣꯛꯂꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯁꯤꯃꯨꯂꯦꯁꯅꯗ ꯁꯦꯁꯟ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯥꯏꯊꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯈꯛꯅ ꯌꯥꯝꯅ ꯃꯥꯏꯄꯥꯛꯏ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯋꯥꯡꯕ ꯉꯝꯈꯩ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯡꯂꯕꯗ ꯃꯥꯏꯄꯥꯛꯄꯁꯤꯡ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯈꯛꯇ ꯊꯣꯀꯏ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯆꯥꯎꯏ꯫ ꯃꯃꯜ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯤ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯋꯥꯡꯕ ꯉꯝꯈꯩ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯕꯁꯨ ꯂꯥ ꯄꯥꯔꯇꯥꯖꯒꯥꯅꯤꯌꯝꯂꯥ ꯄꯥꯔꯇꯥꯖꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯟꯆ ꯅꯤꯌꯝ: ꯖꯤꯔꯣ ꯊꯣꯛꯂꯕꯗꯤ ꯆꯞ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯕ ꯕꯦꯠꯀꯤ ꯊꯝꯂꯕ ꯁꯦꯜꯒꯤ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯑꯍꯦꯟꯕ ꯍꯜꯂꯀꯏ꯫ ꯕꯦꯠ ꯑꯗꯨꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯍꯥꯎꯁ ꯑꯦꯖ 1.35% ꯐꯥꯑꯣꯕ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯑꯅꯤꯗ ꯊꯥꯖꯤꯜꯂꯤ꯫ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯄꯥꯕꯤꯌꯨ → ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅ ꯇꯔꯅꯑꯣꯚꯔꯒꯤꯁꯦꯜꯇꯔꯅꯑꯣꯚꯔꯁꯦꯁꯟ ꯅꯠꯔꯒ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗ ꯕꯦꯠ ꯊꯝꯂꯕ ꯁꯦꯜ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛ, ꯑꯃꯨꯛ ꯍꯟꯅꯥ ꯊꯝꯂꯕ ꯃꯥꯏꯄꯥꯛꯇꯨꯅ ꯐꯪꯂꯕ ꯁꯦꯜꯁꯨ ꯌꯥꯎꯅ꯫ ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄ ꯃꯃꯤꯡ: ꯍꯦꯟꯗꯜ, ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯟ꯫ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯄꯥꯕꯤꯌꯨ → 1.35% ꯑꯗꯨꯃꯛꯅꯤ꯫
ꯂꯥꯕꯨꯁꯦꯌꯔ ꯀꯅꯥꯅꯣ?
ꯍꯦꯅꯔꯤ ꯂꯥꯕꯨꯁꯦꯌꯔ (Henry Labouchère) (1831–1912), ꯖꯔꯅꯂꯤꯁ꯭ꯠ, ꯊꯤꯌꯦꯇꯔꯒꯤ ꯃꯄꯨ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯂꯤꯕꯔꯦꯜ ꯑꯦꯝꯄꯤ, ꯅ ꯂꯟꯗꯟꯒꯤ ꯈꯨꯟꯅꯥꯏꯗ ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯝ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯤꯌꯥꯃꯗ ꯈꯉꯍꯅꯈꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯣꯟꯇꯦ ꯀꯥꯔꯂꯣꯗ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯈꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯅ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯤ꯫ ꯀꯛꯊꯠꯄꯒꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯃꯥꯡꯗꯒꯤ ꯂꯩꯔꯝꯃꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅ ꯃꯥꯡꯒꯗꯕ ꯁꯦꯜꯃꯦꯊꯃꯦꯇꯤꯛꯁꯃꯥꯡꯒꯗꯕ ꯁꯦꯜꯐꯪꯒꯗꯕ ꯃꯃꯂꯕꯨ ꯕꯦꯠ ꯊꯝꯂꯕ ꯁꯦꯜ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛꯅ ꯃꯅꯥꯡꯕ; ꯁꯦꯁꯟ ꯅꯠꯔꯒ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗ ꯃꯥꯡꯕ ꯑꯦꯚꯔꯦꯖ ꯁꯦꯜ꯫ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯄꯥꯕꯤꯌꯨ → ꯍꯣꯡꯗꯣꯀꯏ ꯍꯥꯌꯅ ꯀꯩꯗꯧꯉꯩꯗꯁꯨ ꯎꯠꯈꯤꯗꯦ, ꯃꯥꯡꯒꯗꯕ ꯁꯦꯜ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯊꯝꯂꯕ ꯁꯦꯜꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯄꯨꯡ 37 ꯅ ꯈꯥꯌꯔꯕꯅꯤ꯫
ꯁꯤꯃꯨꯂꯦꯇꯔ · ꯂꯥꯕꯨꯁꯦꯌꯔ
$1,000ꯒꯤ ꯕꯦꯡꯀꯔꯣꯜꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯧꯔꯒꯥ ꯆꯞ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯕ ꯕꯦꯠꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯁꯦꯁꯟ 2,000꯫
ꯍꯧꯔꯛꯐꯃꯒꯤ ꯕꯦꯠ $10 · ꯇꯦꯕꯜꯒꯤ ꯉꯝꯈꯩ $500 · ꯁꯦꯁꯟ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯗ ꯁ꯭ꯄꯤꯟ 100
ꯃꯥꯏꯊꯤꯕ ꯁ꯭ꯇ꯭ꯔꯤꯛ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅ ꯂꯥꯀꯄꯒꯦ
ꯁꯤꯡꯒꯜ ꯖꯤꯔꯣ ꯆꯛꯔ ꯑꯃꯗ ꯆꯞ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯕ ꯕꯦꯠ ꯑꯃꯅ ꯁ꯭ꯄꯤꯟ 37 ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯗ 19 ꯃꯥꯏꯊꯤ꯫ ꯔꯣ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯃꯛꯅ ꯁ꯭ꯄꯤꯟ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛ ꯃꯥꯏꯊꯤꯕꯒꯤ ꯈꯨꯗꯣꯡꯆꯥꯕ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯂꯥꯏꯟ 1 2 3 4ꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯧꯔꯒꯥ ꯃꯥꯡꯈꯤꯕ ꯊꯝꯂꯕ ꯁꯦꯜ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯃꯛ ꯂꯥꯏꯅꯒꯤ ꯑꯔꯣꯏꯕꯗ ꯏꯔꯤꯕ ꯂꯥꯕꯨꯁꯦꯌꯔ ꯁꯥꯟꯅꯔꯤꯕ ꯑꯃꯅ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯐꯥꯑꯣꯕꯥ ꯃꯥꯡꯈꯤꯕ ꯁꯦꯜ ꯎꯠꯂꯤ꯫
| ꯃꯊꯪ ꯃꯊꯪ ꯃꯥꯏꯊꯤꯕ | ꯈꯨꯗꯣꯡꯆꯥꯕ | ꯃꯇꯧ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯨꯝꯅ 1 / … | ꯍꯧꯖꯤꯛ ꯐꯥꯑꯣꯕꯥ ꯃꯥꯡꯈꯤꯕ | ꯃꯊꯪꯒꯤ ꯕꯦꯠ |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 51.4% | 2 | $5 | $6 |
| 2 | 26.4% | 4 | $11 | $7 |
| 3 | 13.5% | 7 | $18 | $8 |
| 4 | 7.0% | 14 | $26 | $9 |
| 5 | 3.6% | 28 | $35 | $10 |
| 6 | 1.8% | 55 | $45 | $11 |
| 7 | 0.94% | 106 | $56 | $12 |
| 8 | 0.48% | 207 | $68 | $13 |
| 9 | 0.25% | 403 | $81 | $14 |
| 10 | 0.13% | 784 | $95 | $15 |
| 11 | 0.065% | 1527 | $110 | $16 |
| 12 | 0.034% | 2974 | $126 | $17 |
| 13 | 0.017% | 5792 | $143 | $18 |
| 14 | 0.0089% | 11279 | $161 | $19 |
| 15 | 0.0046% | 21965 | $180 | $20 |
ꯈꯨꯗꯣꯡꯆꯥꯕ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯥꯏꯊꯤꯕ ꯑꯃꯗ ꯑꯃꯨꯛ 19/37 ꯃꯁꯥꯃꯛꯀꯥ ꯃꯜꯇꯤꯞꯂꯥꯏ ꯇꯧꯕꯅꯤ, ꯈꯅꯕ ꯁ꯭ꯄꯤꯟ ꯑꯃꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯧꯔꯒꯥ ꯊꯤꯕ꯫ ꯁꯥꯡꯕ ꯁꯦꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯗ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕ ꯁ꯭ꯇ꯭ꯔꯤꯛ ꯍꯧꯕ ꯌꯥꯕ ꯁ꯭ꯄꯤꯟ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯂꯩ, ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯅ ꯅꯨꯃꯤꯗꯥꯡ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯊꯣꯛꯄꯒꯤ ꯈꯨꯗꯣꯡꯆꯥꯕ ꯔꯣ ꯑꯃꯅ ꯎꯠꯂꯤꯕꯗꯒꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯡꯏ꯫
ꯋꯥꯍꯪꯁꯤꯡ
ꯊꯝꯂꯕ ꯁꯦꯜꯁꯤꯡ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯇꯞꯅ ꯍꯦꯅꯒꯠꯂꯤ, ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯅ ꯆꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯊꯛ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯈꯛꯇ ꯊꯣꯀꯏ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀꯥꯛꯄ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯁꯥꯡꯏ꯫ ꯊꯝꯂꯕ ꯌꯨꯅꯤꯠ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯥꯡꯒꯗꯕ ꯁꯦꯜ ꯆꯞ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯩ꯫
ꯑꯄꯤꯛꯄ ꯃꯁꯤꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯩꯕ ꯑꯇꯨꯕ ꯂꯥꯏꯟ ꯑꯃꯥ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅ ꯊꯝꯂꯕ ꯁꯦꯜꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯂꯣꯏꯁꯤꯟꯅꯕ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯉꯝꯈꯩ ꯊꯝꯃꯤ; ꯑꯦꯖ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯍꯣꯡꯗꯣꯀꯗꯦ꯫
ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯍꯩ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯆꯠꯂꯤꯕ ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯑꯗꯨꯈꯛꯇꯅꯤ꯫
ꯃꯦꯊꯃꯦꯇꯤꯛꯁꯀꯥ ꯁꯥꯟꯅꯕ
ꯃꯁꯤꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯍꯥꯅꯕꯗ ꯅꯍꯥꯛ ꯃꯁꯥꯃꯛꯅ ꯍꯣꯠꯅꯕꯤꯌꯨ꯫ ꯄꯥꯎꯈꯨꯝ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯃꯛ ꯊꯨꯡꯗꯨꯅ ꯊꯝꯂꯤ; ꯁꯦꯝ ꯁꯥꯔꯕ ꯃꯇꯃꯗ ꯍꯥꯡꯗꯣꯛꯄꯤꯌꯨ꯫
ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯕꯨꯁꯦꯌꯔꯊꯧꯔꯥꯡꯂꯥꯕꯨꯁꯦꯌꯔꯀꯛꯊꯠꯄꯒꯤ ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯝ: ꯃꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯟ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯏꯕꯤꯌꯨ, ꯃꯊꯛ ꯑꯅꯤꯒꯤ ꯄꯨꯟꯁꯤꯟꯅꯕ ꯕꯦꯠ ꯊꯝꯕꯤꯌꯨ, ꯃꯥꯏꯄꯥꯛꯂꯕꯗꯤ ꯃꯈꯣꯌ ꯀꯛꯊꯠꯄꯤꯌꯨ, ꯃꯥꯏꯊꯤꯔꯕꯗꯤ ꯃꯥꯡꯈꯤꯕ ꯊꯝꯂꯕ ꯁꯦꯜ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯍꯥꯄꯆꯤꯟꯕꯤꯌꯨ꯫ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯄꯥꯕꯤꯌꯨ → ꯑꯗꯨ 1 2 3 4 5 ꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅ ꯍꯧꯕꯤꯌꯨ, ꯄꯥꯟꯗꯝ 15, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯍꯥꯅꯕ ꯕꯦꯠ ꯃꯔꯤ ꯃꯥꯏꯊꯤꯕꯤꯌꯨ꯫ ꯂꯥꯏꯟ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯣ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯃꯥꯡꯂꯦ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯊꯪꯒꯤ ꯕꯦꯠ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯀꯌꯥꯅꯣ?
ꯄꯥꯎꯈꯨꯝ ꯎꯠꯄ
ꯄꯥꯎꯈꯨꯝ ꯂꯥꯏꯟ ꯑꯗꯨ 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 ꯅꯤ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯌꯨꯅꯤꯠꯁꯦꯜꯌꯨꯅꯤꯠꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯝ ꯅꯠꯔꯒ ꯁꯥꯟꯅꯔꯤꯕ ꯑꯃꯅ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯕ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕ ꯊꯝꯂꯕ ꯁꯦꯜ꯫ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯒ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯌꯨꯅꯤꯠꯇ ꯁꯟꯗꯣꯛꯂꯤ, ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯅ ꯃꯈꯣꯌ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕ ꯇꯦꯕꯜꯗ ꯆꯠꯂꯤ꯫ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯄꯥꯕꯤꯌꯨ → 30 ꯃꯥꯡꯂꯦ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯊꯪꯒꯤ ꯕꯦꯠ ꯑꯗꯨ 10 ꯅꯤ꯫
ꯕꯦꯠꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ 1 + 5 = 6, ꯃꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗ 1 + 6 = 7, 1 + 7 = 8 ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ 1 + 8 = 9꯫ ꯃꯥꯏꯊꯤꯕ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯃꯛ ꯂꯥꯏꯟ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯑꯔꯣꯏꯕꯗ ꯏꯔꯤ꯫ ꯍꯧꯖꯤꯛ ꯐꯥꯑꯣꯕ ꯃꯥꯡꯈꯤꯕ: 6 + 7 + 8 + 9 = 30꯫
ꯍꯧꯖꯤꯛ ꯂꯥꯏꯟ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯄꯨꯟꯁꯤꯟꯕ 45 ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯦ: ꯄꯥꯟꯗꯝ 15 ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯥꯡꯈꯤꯕ 30꯫ ꯃꯗꯨ ꯃꯨꯠꯊꯠꯂꯕꯗ ꯍꯧꯖꯤꯀꯁꯨ 15 ꯈꯛ ꯃꯥꯏꯄꯥꯛꯏ꯫ ꯃꯥꯏꯄꯥꯛꯄ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯃꯛꯅ ꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯅꯤ ꯀꯛꯊꯣꯀꯏ, ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯅ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯅꯦꯝꯕꯗ ꯃꯥꯏꯄꯥꯛꯄ ꯃꯉꯥ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯏ, ꯌꯨꯅꯤꯠ 10 ꯒꯤ ꯕꯦꯠꯇꯒꯤ ꯍꯧꯗꯨꯅ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯂꯝꯕꯤꯗ ꯃꯥꯏꯊꯤꯕ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯃꯛꯅ ꯂꯥꯏꯟ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯑꯃꯨꯛ ꯍꯟꯅꯥ ꯁꯥꯡꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫
ꯕꯥꯔꯇꯁꯦꯂꯤꯒꯤ “ꯒꯦꯔꯦꯟꯇꯤ ꯂꯩꯕ ꯔꯨꯂꯦꯠ ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯝ” ꯑꯁꯤ 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 ꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅ ꯍꯧꯏ, ꯄꯥꯟꯗꯝ 15꯫ ꯃꯥꯏꯊꯤꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗ ꯃꯁꯤꯅ ꯃꯥꯡꯈꯤꯕ ꯁꯦꯜ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯑꯔꯣꯏꯕꯗ ꯏꯗꯦ: ꯃꯗꯨ ꯂꯥꯏꯟ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯑꯔꯣꯏꯕ ꯃꯁꯤꯡꯁꯤꯡꯗ ꯌꯨꯅꯤꯠ ꯑꯃꯃꯃꯒꯤ ꯍꯥꯄꯆꯤꯜꯂꯤ꯫ ꯕꯦꯠ ꯑꯍꯨꯝ ꯃꯥꯏꯊꯤꯕꯤꯌꯨ꯫ ꯂꯥꯏꯟ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯣ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯃꯥꯡꯂꯦ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯊꯪꯒꯤ ꯕꯦꯠ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯀꯌꯥꯅꯣ?
ꯄꯥꯎꯈꯨꯝ ꯎꯠꯄ
ꯄꯥꯎꯈꯨꯝ ꯂꯥꯏꯟ ꯑꯗꯨ 1 1 1 1 1 3 4 5 5 5 ꯅꯤ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯌꯨꯅꯤꯠ 12 ꯃꯥꯡꯂꯦ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯊꯪꯒꯤ ꯕꯦꯠ ꯑꯗꯨ 6 ꯅꯤ, ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯕꯨꯁꯦꯌꯔꯗ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯒꯨꯝꯅꯇꯥ꯫
ꯑꯍꯥꯅꯕ ꯕꯦꯠ: 1 + 2 = 3꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯃꯥꯏꯊꯤꯕ ꯐꯪꯏ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯔꯣꯏꯕ ꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯍꯨꯃꯒꯤ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯃꯛꯇ ꯌꯨꯅꯤꯠ 1 ꯍꯥꯄꯆꯤꯜꯂꯤ: 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 3 3 3꯫
ꯑꯅꯤꯁꯨꯕꯥ ꯕꯦꯠ: 1 + 3 = 4꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯃꯥꯏꯊꯤꯕ ꯐꯪꯏ: 1 1 1 1 1 2 3 4 4 4꯫
ꯑꯍꯨꯃꯁꯨꯕꯥ ꯕꯦꯠ: 1 + 4 = 5꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯃꯥꯏꯊꯤꯕ ꯐꯪꯏ: 1 1 1 1 1 3 4 5 5 5꯫ ꯃꯥꯡꯈꯤꯕ: 3 + 4 + 5 = 12, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯂꯥꯏꯟ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯄꯨꯟꯁꯤꯟꯕ 27 ꯑꯣꯏ꯫
ꯃꯇꯧ ꯑꯁꯨꯝꯕ ꯍꯧꯔꯀꯐꯃꯗꯒꯤ ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯕꯨꯁꯦꯌꯔꯗ ꯂꯥꯏꯟ ꯑꯗꯨ 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 3 4 5 ꯑꯣꯏꯒꯅꯤ, ꯄꯨꯟꯁꯤꯟꯕꯁꯨ 27, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯊꯪꯒꯤ ꯕꯦꯠꯁꯨ 6꯫ ꯂꯥꯏꯟ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯇꯔꯥ ꯈꯛ ꯁꯥꯡꯕꯅ ꯊꯥꯖꯕ ꯄꯤꯕꯒꯨꯝ ꯎꯏ, ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯊꯝꯂꯕ ꯁꯦꯜꯁꯤꯡ ꯃꯇꯧ ꯑꯁꯨꯝꯅꯇꯥ ꯍꯦꯅꯒꯠꯂꯤ꯫
ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅ 1 2 3 4 ꯂꯥꯏꯟꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅ ꯂꯥꯕꯨꯁꯦꯌꯔ ꯁꯥꯟꯅꯔꯤ꯫ ꯍꯧꯖꯤꯛ ꯐꯥꯑꯣꯕ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯕꯦꯠ 12 ꯃꯥꯏꯊꯤꯔꯦ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯂꯥꯏꯟ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯍꯧꯖꯤꯀꯁꯨ ꯀꯛꯊꯣꯛꯂꯣꯏꯗ꯭ꯔꯤ꯫ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛꯇ ꯃꯥꯏꯄꯥꯛꯄ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕꯒꯦ? 13 ꯃꯥꯏꯊꯤꯔꯝꯂꯕꯗꯤ?
ꯄꯥꯎꯈꯨꯝ ꯎꯠꯄ
ꯄꯥꯎꯈꯨꯝ ꯃꯥꯏꯊꯤꯕ 12 ꯗ ꯃꯥꯏꯄꯥꯛꯄ 8, 13 ꯗ ꯃꯥꯏꯄꯥꯛꯄ 9꯫ ꯀꯅꯥꯒꯨꯝꯕ ꯑꯃꯗꯁꯨ ꯂꯥꯏꯟ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯌꯨꯅꯤꯠ 10 ꯀꯥꯟꯗꯨꯅ ꯂꯣꯏꯁꯤꯜꯂꯤ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯕꯦꯠꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯑꯃꯗꯒꯤ ꯅꯦꯝꯅ ꯃꯥꯏꯄꯥꯛꯂꯕꯁꯨ꯫
ꯂꯥꯏꯟ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯁꯤꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯊꯤꯕꯤꯌꯨ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ 4 ꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯧꯏ꯫ ꯃꯥꯏꯊꯤꯕ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯃꯛꯅ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯏꯏ; ꯃꯥꯏꯄꯥꯛꯄ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯃꯛꯅ ꯑꯅꯤ ꯀꯛꯊꯣꯀꯏ, ꯅꯠꯔꯒ ꯑꯃꯈꯛ ꯂꯦꯃꯍꯧꯔꯕꯗ ꯃꯗꯨ꯫ ꯃꯥꯏꯄꯥꯛꯄ W ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯥꯏꯊꯤꯕ L ꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗ 4 + L − 2W ꯂꯦꯃꯍꯧꯏ, ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯅ 2W ꯑꯁꯤ 4 + L ꯗꯒꯤ ꯅꯦꯝꯗꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗ ꯂꯥꯏꯟ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯂꯣꯏꯔꯦ꯫
ꯃꯥꯏꯊꯤꯕ 12: 2W ꯑꯁꯤ 16 ꯌꯧꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ, ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯅ ꯃꯥꯏꯄꯥꯛꯄ 8, ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛ ꯕꯦꯠ 20꯫ ꯃꯥꯏꯊꯤꯕ 13: 2W ꯑꯁꯤ 17 ꯌꯧꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ, ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯅ ꯃꯥꯏꯄꯥꯛꯄ 9, ꯕꯦꯠ 22꯫
ꯃꯥꯏꯄꯥꯛꯄ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯥꯏꯊꯤꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯊꯥꯛ ꯃꯈꯥꯅ ꯂꯥꯏꯟ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯂꯣꯏꯕ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯍꯣꯡꯗꯣꯀꯄꯗꯦ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯂꯣꯏꯔꯕ ꯂꯥꯏꯟ ꯑꯃꯅ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛꯇ ꯍꯧꯔꯀꯄ ꯂꯥꯏꯟꯒꯤ ꯄꯨꯟꯁꯤꯟꯕ ꯄꯤ, ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯁꯤꯗ ꯌꯨꯅꯤꯠ 10꯫ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯁꯤꯅ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯃꯥꯏꯄꯥꯛꯄꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯃꯥꯏꯊꯤꯔꯕꯁꯨ ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯝ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯇꯧꯔꯤꯕꯒꯨꯝ ꯎꯏ꯫ ꯃꯊꯥꯛ ꯃꯈꯥꯅ ꯍꯣꯡꯗꯣꯀꯄꯗꯤ ꯂꯝꯕꯤꯗ ꯂꯩꯕ ꯊꯝꯂꯕ ꯁꯦꯜꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯎꯕꯅꯤ: ꯃꯥꯏꯊꯤꯕꯒꯤ ꯁꯥꯡꯕ ꯁ꯭ꯇ꯭ꯔꯤꯛ ꯑꯃꯅ ꯃꯥꯏꯄꯥꯛꯄꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯥꯛꯠꯔꯤꯉꯩꯗ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯕꯨ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯕꯦꯡꯀꯔꯣꯜꯁꯦꯜꯕꯦꯡꯀꯔꯣꯜꯁꯥꯟꯅꯅꯕ ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯟꯅ ꯊꯝꯂꯕ ꯁꯦꯜ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛ꯫ ꯕꯦꯡꯀꯔꯣꯜ ꯃꯦꯅꯦꯖꯃꯦꯟꯠ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯃꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯕꯦꯠ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯗ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯦꯁꯟ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯗ ꯈꯨꯗꯣꯡꯊꯤꯕꯗ ꯊꯃꯒꯗꯒꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯕ ꯋꯥꯔꯦꯞ ꯂꯧꯕꯅꯤ꯫ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯄꯥꯕꯤꯌꯨ → ꯅꯠꯔꯒ ꯇꯦꯕꯜꯒꯤ ꯉꯝꯈꯩꯇꯦꯕꯜꯇꯦꯕꯜꯒꯤ ꯉꯝꯈꯩꯌꯥꯍꯜꯂꯤꯕ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯅꯦꯝꯕ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯋꯥꯡꯕ ꯕꯦꯠ꯫ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯋꯥꯡꯕ ꯉꯝꯈꯩ ꯑꯗꯨꯅ ꯑꯅꯤ ꯊꯥꯛ ꯍꯦꯅꯒꯠꯍꯟꯕ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯒ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯊꯤꯡꯏ꯫ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯄꯥꯕꯤꯌꯨ → ꯊꯨꯒꯥꯏꯍꯅꯕ ꯌꯥꯏ (ꯑꯦꯄꯁ꯭ꯇꯥꯏꯟ, 2013)꯫
ꯅꯣꯛꯅꯕꯒꯤ ꯀꯃꯤꯛ
ꯂꯥꯏꯟ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯣꯏꯁꯤꯜꯂꯤ꯫ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛ ꯅꯠꯇꯦ꯫
ꯍꯧꯔꯛꯐꯃꯁꯤꯡ
- RouletteDoc꯫ ꯊꯧꯔꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯣꯜ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯈꯨꯗꯃꯁꯤꯡ꯫
- Roulette77꯫ ꯊꯧꯔꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯣꯜ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯈꯨꯗꯃꯁꯤꯡ꯫
- Roulette77꯫ ꯔꯤꯚꯔꯁ ꯂꯥꯕꯨꯁꯦꯌꯔꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯣꯜ꯫
- Ethier, S. N. The Doctrine of Chances: Probabilistic Aspects of Gambling.
- Epstein, R. A. The Theory of Gambling and Statistical Logic, 2nd ed.
- Wykes, A. The Complete Illustrated Guide to Gambling.
- Leigh, N. Thirteen Against the Bank.
- Goldman, N. Great Gambling Scams.